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Last updated 10:50 AM on 10/29/23
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269 Terms

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Ex.phil.

The study of philosophy and ethics in technology.

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Teknologi

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

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Etikk

The study of moral principles and values.

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Teknologisk determinisme

The belief that technology shapes and determines human behavior and society.

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Teknologisk instrumentalisme

The belief that technology is a tool that can be used for various purposes.

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Teknologisk optimisme

The belief that technology will bring about positive changes and advancements.

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Teknologisk pessimisme

The belief that technology will have negative consequences and drawbacks.

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Den linjære modellen

The linear model of technological progress, where scientific advancements lead to social progress.

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Normativ etikk

The study of ethical theories and principles that determine what is morally right or wrong.

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Utilitarisme

A normative ethical theory that focuses on maximizing overall happiness or utility.

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Metaetikk

The study of the nature and foundations of ethical principles and judgments.

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Nihilisme

The belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or value.

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Relativisme

The belief that moral principles and values are subjective and vary from person to person or culture to culture.

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Moralsk objektivitet

The belief that there are objective moral truths that are independent of individual opinions or cultural norms.

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The vulnerable world hypothesis

A dystopian view of technology that suggests the possibility of a technology-induced global catastrophe.

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Transhumanisme

A movement that advocates for using technology to enhance human capabilities and transcend biological limitations.

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Biokonservatisme

Skepticism towards invasive biotechnology and the belief in preserving natural human nature.

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Den lineære modellen (continued)

The belief that free scientific research leads to social benefits and progress.

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Vitenskapelig fremskritt

Scientific progress and advancements.

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Sosialt fremskritt

Social progress and improvements in society.

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Grunnforskning

Basic research that aims to expand knowledge and understanding in a particular field.

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Teknologisk innovasjon

The development and implementation of new technologies.

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Verdiskapning

The creation of economic or social value through technological advancements.

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Samfunnsnytte

The benefit or usefulness of technology for society.

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Den 'usynlige hånden'

The concept, inspired by Adam Smith, that free research benefits society as a whole, similar to market principles.

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Vitenskapens autonomi

The independence and autonomy of scientific research from direct government control.

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CUDOS-verdiene

The values of communism, universalism, disinterestedness, originality, and skepticism, which are important for protecting the integrity of scientific research.

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Innvendinger mot den lineære modellen

Criticisms of the linear model of technological progress.

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Etikkens områder

Different areas and aspects of ethics.

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Anvendt (normativ) etikk

The application of ethical principles to specific cases or situations.

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Metaetikk (continued)

The study of the nature and foundations of ethical principles and judgments.

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Rettslig regulering

Legal regulations and laws related to technology, environment, and resource management.

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Forskningsetikk

Ethical considerations and guidelines for research, especially when involving animals or humans.

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Konsekvensutredning

The assessment of potential consequences and impacts of a project or technology.

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Normative etikk

The study of ethical theories and principles that determine what is morally right or wrong.

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Monistiske teorier

Ethical theories that assume all morally good actions share the same characteristic.

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Konsekvenser, plikt og dyd

Different ethical theories that focus on consequences, duties, or virtues.

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Utilitarisme (continued)

A consequentialist ethical theory that determines the moral rightness of an action based on its ability to produce the greatest amount of overall happiness or utility.

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Pliktetikk

An ethical theory that emphasizes following moral principles or duties rather than focusing solely on consequences.

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Dydsetikk

An ethical theory that focuses on the virtues or character traits of the person performing the action.

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Moralsk status

The moral standing or worth of an individual or entity.

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Benthams utilitarisme

Jeremy Bentham's version of utilitarianism, which states that an action is morally right if it produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people.

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Lykke

Happiness or pleasure.

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Hvordan "måler" vi gode konsekvenser?

The dimensions used to evaluate the goodness of consequences, such as intensity, duration, number of people affected, and probability.

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Forventet nytte

The potential utility or benefit of a consequence multiplied by the probability of that consequence occurring.

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Viktige fortrinn ved Benthams teori

The advantages of Bentham's utilitarian theory, including its usefulness as a decision-making tool, its neutrality towards different values, and its objectivity.

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Sporvogndilemmaet

The ethical dilemma involving a runaway tram or trolley and the decision to sacrifice one person to save five others.

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Autonome biler

Self-driving cars that raise ethical questions regarding decision-making in potential accidents.

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Ufrivillig organdonasjon

The ethical debate surrounding the idea of forcibly taking organs from individuals to save others.

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Tortur

The act of inflicting severe physical or psychological pain on someone as a means of punishment or obtaining information.

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Er det et moralsk relevant skille mellom handling og unnlatelse?

The question of whether there is a moral distinction between actively causing harm and passively allowing harm to occur.

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Handlinger som ikke har effekt i seg selv

Actions that do not have a direct impact or effect on their own.

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Lønnsforskjellen mellom sykepleiere og ingeniører

The wage disparity between nurses and engineers and how a utilitarian would approach this issue.

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Utilitarisme

A moral theory that states that the right action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.

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Moralsk status

The status of being entitled to be taken into consideration when making moral decisions.

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Speciecism/artssisme

The belief that the species to which an individual belongs is a reason to give them different moral status.

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Anencefali

A condition in which a baby is born without a developed brain.

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Metaetikk

The branch of ethics that deals with fundamental questions about ethics, such as the existence of objective moral truths.

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Moralsk nihilisme

The belief that there are no right or wrong answers to moral questions.

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Nonkognitivisme

The belief that moral statements do not express propositions that can be true or false.

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Humes giljotin

The idea that one cannot derive conclusions about how things ought to be based on how they are.

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Metaetikk

Studiet av moralens grunnlag og spørsmål om moral.

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Bærekraft

Noe som kan opprettholdes over tid, og balanserer økonomi, klima/miljø og sosiale forhold.

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Nihilisme

Troen på at det ikke finnes riktige eller gale svar på moralske spørsmål.

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Humes giljotin

Prinsippet om at man ikke kan trekke slutninger fra hvordan noe er til hvordan noe bør være.

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Kannibalisme

Praksisen med å spise menneskekjøtt, som ble praktisert i Jamestown, Virginia i 1609.

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Sterk bærekraft

Troen på at naturgitte goder ikke kan veksles inn i menneskeskapte goder.

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Svak bærekraft

Troen på at naturgitte goder kan veksles inn i menneskeskapte goder.

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Eksternalitet

Positive eller negative virkninger en aktørs virksomhet har på andre aktører.

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Normativ etikk

Studiet av hvordan ting bør være, inkludert bærekraft.

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Klimabyrde

Fordelingen av ansvar for klimaendringer og forurensning.

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NITOs etiske retningslinjer

Retningslinjer som inneholder prinsipper som respekt, faglig integritet og samfunnsansvar for medlemmer og ansatte i NITO (Norges Ingeniør- og Teknologorganisasjon).

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Etiske retningslinjer

Regler og retningslinjer som veileder i etisk atferd og beslutningstaking.

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Etisk refleksjon

Prosessen med å tenke kritisk og vurdere de etiske konsekvensene av ens handlinger og beslutninger.

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Tekna

En organisasjon for ingeniører og teknologer i Norge.

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Teknas nye etiske retningslinjer

Oppdaterte regler og retningslinjer fra Tekna som oppfordrer til etisk refleksjon.

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Tekna-etikk

Etisk atferd og verdier som er spesifikke for medlemmer av Tekna.

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Lovlige beslutninger

Beslutninger som er i samsvar med gjeldende lover og regler.

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Rettferdige beslutninger

Beslutninger som tar hensyn til rettferdighet og likebehandling av de berørte parter.

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Uheldige konsekvenser

Negative resultater eller virkninger av beslutninger som påvirker enkeltpersoner, miljø eller samfunn.

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Offentlig oppmerksomhet

Muligheten for at beslutninger blir kjent og vurdert av offentligheten.

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Aktivt ansvar

Ansvar for ens handlinger og hva man har ansvar for å gjøre.

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Passivt ansvar

Ansvar for å vurdere og bedømme andres handlinger og deres konsekvenser.

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Verdier

Prinsipper eller overbevisninger som styrer valg og handlinger.

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Teknologisk utvikling

Utviklingen av ny teknologi og innovasjon.

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Effektivitet

Evnen til å oppnå fastsatte mål på en effektiv måte.

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Kostnad og måloppnåelse

Forholdet mellom kostnader og resultater i forhold til fastsatte mål.

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Velferd

Generell velvære og nytte for samfunnet.

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NITO

Norges største organisasjon for ingeniører og teknologer.

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Individuelle NITO-medlemmer

Enkeltmedlemmer av NITO som har ansvar for velferden i samfunnet.

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Moralsk ansvar

Ansvar for å handle i samsvar med moralske prinsipper og verdier.

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Private aktører

Ikke-offentlige selskaper eller organisasjoner.

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97
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Etikk

Studiet av moralske prinsipper og verdier.

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Utilitarisme

En etisk teori som fokuserer på å maksimere lykke eller nytte for flest mulig mennesker.

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Pliktetikk

En etisk teori som fokuserer på å handle i samsvar med moralske plikter og prinsipper.

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Konsekvens

Resultatet eller utfallet av en handling.

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