unit 2 normans

reeve

chosen by the lord or by peasant vote, more powerful under anglo saxons, after 1066, their job was to oversee the day to day running of the manor and peasants

ordeal system

• based on the principle of judicium dei, judgement of god, painful ordeal to test their gult

• ordeal by fire, water, combat

murdrum

• fires for if any norman was murdered

shire reeves

• 134

• organise taxation and justice in his area

  • now then work with barons, link for king to local area, make them normans now

  • castellans look after royal castles and forests

king, power

• regular crown wearing, 3 times a year

• when talking with his council

• coins showed his face

• all knights sweat loyalty

die without an heir

• land went back to lord

• if underage, lord collected profit until they were old enough, wardsjip

• less fighting

• moer money and land for king and barons

bailiff

responsible for collecting taxes for the king and ensuring crops were gathering and debts were paid

miller

producing grain to make bread for the whole village

priest

responsible for marriages and wills, as well as running the local church and conducting services

• lord kept up to 35% of land

• main crops wheat, barley, oats and rye

• lunch, rye bread, evening, vegetable based meal, drink weak homemade beer or cider

• all pay tithe

• church acted as a store, a prison and a fortress in times of danger

• used open field system

market

• t hold a marker or fair, town needed special permission (a grant) by the king, William gave out around 2800

• placed to buy and sell products

• officially religious celerbrations

• town could apply for a charter, to become independent and be able to govern itself by electing a council and a mayor

guilds

• specialist associations were people in the same industries grouped together, often held significant power and influence, controlling trade and regulating the quality of goods

watchmen

• enforcing curfews, or in the town militia in times of trouble

burgesses

• citizens of towns

  • some legal protection, as they could only be tried in the town courts, and more freedom

main exports

• livestock

shire courts

• royal household officials were sent to courts to oversee proceedings and in some cases, juries were introduced

• castles built in shire towns, administration based here, including the sheriff and the court

hue and cry

• share responsibility to catch people and break up fights

hundred courts

• shires divide into small areas

• dealt with local land areas

• met more frequently than shire courts

  • run by sheriffs deputy

constable

• job to catch people and break up fights

tithing group

• groups of 10, promised to stop committing crimes