Theme 4 : European Union Issues and Challenges

European parliament - date

1952

European parliament - treaty

Paris

European parliament - president

Roberta Metsola

European parliament - role and objectives

Law making body (Directly elected EU body with legislative, supervisory, and budgetary responsabilities)

European council - date

1974

European council - president

Antonio Costa

European council - role and objectives

defines the general political direction and priorities of the EU

Council of ministers (EU) - date

1967

Council of ministers (EU) - role and objectives

voice of EU members governments, adopting EU laws and coordinating EU policies

European commission - date

1958

European commission - president

Ursula von der Leyen

European commission -role and objectives

Promotes the general interest of the EU by proposing and enforcing legislation a well as by implementing policies and the EU budget

Court of Justice - date

1952

Court of Justice - treaty

Paris

Court of Justice - n of judges

1 per EU country

Court of Justice - role and objectives

Ensuring EU law is interpreted and applied the same in every EU country; ensuring countries and EU institutions abide by EU law

European central bank - date

1999

European central bank - treaty

Amsterdam

European central bank - President

Christine Lagarde

European central bank - n of countries

20

European central bank -headquarters

Frankfurt

European central bank - role and tasks

manage the euro, keep prices stable and conduct EU economic and monetary policy

European court of auditors - date

1977

European court of auditors - role and objectives

It is the Eu's independant external auditor and financial inspector

Treaty of Paris - date

1952

Treaty of Rome - date

1958

Treaty of Maastricht - date

1993

Treaty of Lisbon - date

2009

Treaty of Nice - date

2003

What is the EUs motto for sustainability ?

No person or place left behind

What is sustainability according to the UN?

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs

Name on EU energy plan + Date

Green Deal - 2019W

Why was the Green Deal introduced ?

Paris Agreement (1.5°C)

What are the four key goals of the Green Deal ?

55% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030, Climate neutrality by 2050, 3 billion trees planted by 2030, Energy efficiency & InnovationE

Energy mix - what percentage of EUs energy is from renewables ? (2024)

47%

What percentage of EUs energy is imported ?

58%

Name one national energy policy

Norther, Belgium

How many wind turbines are there in the Belgian North Sea ?

400 wind turbines

How many wind turbines are there in Norther ?

44

For how many families Norther can provide energy each year ?

400,000 families

What is the CAP and when was it established ?

Common Agricultural Policy in 1962

CAP 2023 reform - how much euros from the EU ?

€380M

Name 5 strategic plans from 2023 CAP reform

Crop rotation, Rewilding, Young farmers, Wetland and peatland preservation, Small farms

What percentage of land must remain fallow ?

4%

Countries must give what percentage of their payments to young farmers ?

3%

Countries must give what percentage of their payments to small farms?

10%

How many countries have joined the EU in 2004?

10

Name three reasons for enlargement

Stability (peace&political), Economic benefits , Geopolitical influence

What is enlargement ?

Enlargement happens when new countries join the European Union

Name one admission policy for the EU

Copenhagen criteria (1993)

Copenhagen criteria - name at least three political criteria

Stable economic government, rule of law, human rights, judicial system

Copenhagen criteria - name two economic criteria

Stable economy, capacity to withstand opening of common market and EU

How are named the 35 chapters with administrative criteria ?

The Aquis

When and why did Moldova apply for the EU membership ?

After the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in march 2022

Growth plan - How much was provided by the EU to Moldova in 2024?

€1.8billion

Name 3 wishes from Moldova in entering the EU

Fight corruption, protection from Russia, improve quality of life

In 2024, how many was spend by Russia to buy votes in Moldova ?

€200 million

What percentage of Moldova’s GDP (2023) depends on remittances ?

15%

Name one transport policy + date

The Ten-T, 2009

How many corridors are there in the Ten-T?

9

How many was given for the TenT project in 2024?

$26billion

Ten-t - What minimum speed for train ?

160km/h

Give a synonym to deepening

Strenghtening

Give 4 ways in which the EU has deepened its position ?

Eurozone, Lisbon Treaty, NATO, Migration policies

Name 4 key points from the Lisbon Treaty

European Council President (2 ½ years), Petition (1 million signatures), High representatives of the union for foreign affairs and security policy (Kaja Kallas), Charter of fundamental rights

In 2025 in the Hague - summit of what ?

NATO

Name three funds from the European Structural Investment Funds

ERDF, Cohesion fund, Social fund

European Structural Investment Funds - budget

€400billion

What is the ERDF ?

European Regional Development FUnd

What are the objectives of the European Structural Investment Funds

Reduce regional disparities in income, wealth and opportunities

Mezzogiorno - 2021-2027 - Cohesion policy partnership agreement - Budget ?

€43 billion