jmu bio 290 head and neck muscles

masseter origin

inferior border of zygomatic arch

masseter insertion

lateral surface of mandible at angle

masseter action

elevates and protrudes mandible

masseter innervation

mandibular nerve

temporalis origin

temporal fossa

temporalis insertion

coronoid process of mandible

temporalis action

elevates and retrudes mandible

temporalis innervation

mandibular nerve

lateral pterygoid origin

greater wing and pterygoid process of sphenoid

lateral pterygoid insertion

mandibular condyle and tempormandibular joint

lateral pterygoid action

bilateral: protrudes mandible

unilateral: side-to-side movement of mandible

lateral pterygoid innervation

mandibular nerve

medial pterygoid origin

maxilla, palatine, and pterygoid process of sphenoid

medial pterygoid insertion

medial surface of mandible at angle

medial pterygoid action

bilateral: protrudes and elevates mandible

unilateral: side-to-side movement of mandible

medial pterygoid innervation

mandibular nerve

frontalis origin

galea aponeurotica

frontalis insertion

skin of eyebrows

frontalis action

elevates eyebrows

frontalis innervation

facial nerve

occipitalis origin

occipital bone

occipitalis insertion

galea aponeurotica

occipitalis action

pulls scalp posteriorly

occipitalis innervation

facial nerve

orbicularis oculi origin

frontal and maxillary bones

orbicularis oculi insertion

skin around eyes

orbiularis oculi action

closes eyelids

orbicularis oculi innervation

facial nerve

orbicularis oris origin

mandible, maxillae and skin around mouth

orbicularis oris insertion

encircles mouth inserting into skin of lips

orbicularis oris action

closes and protrudes lips

orbicularis oris innervation

facial nerve

zygomaticus origin

zygomatic bone

zygomaticus insertion

orbicularis oris

zygomaticus action

elevates corners of mouth

zygomaticus innervation

facial nerve

buccinator origin

external surfaces of mandible and maxilla

buccinator insertion

orbicularis oris

buccinator action

compresses cheek

buccinator innervation

facial nerve

platysma origin

fascia of superior thorax

platysma insertion

inferior lip, corners of mouth, and mandible

platysma action

depresses mandible and corners of mouth

platysma innervation

facial nerve

styloglossus origin

styloid process

styloglossus insertion

tongue

styloglossus action

elevates and retracts tongue

styloglossus innervation

hypoglossal nerve

hyoglossus origin

hyoid bone

hyoglossus insertion

tongue

hyoglossus action

depresses and retracts tongue

hyoglossus innervation

hypoglossal nerve

genioglossus origin

posterior mentum of mandible

genioglossus insertion

tongue

genioglossus action

depresses and protrudes tongue

genioglossus innervation

hypoglossal nerve

superior rectus origin

tendinous ring

superior rectus insertion

superior eye

superior rectus action

turns eyeball superiorly

superior rectus innervation

oculomotor nerve

inferior rectus origin

tendinous ring

inferior rectus insertion

inferior eye

inferior rectus action

turns eyeball inferiorly

inferior rectus innervation

oculomotor nerve

medial rectus origin

tendinous ring

medial rectus insertion

medial eye

medial rectus action

turns eyeball medially

medial rectus innervation

oculomotor nerve

lateral rectus origin

tendinous ring

lateral rectus insertion

lateral eye

lateral rectus action

turns eyeball laterally

lateral rectus innervation

abducens nerve

superior oblique origin

posterior orbit

superior oblique insertion

superior, posterolateral eye

superior oblique action

turns eyeball inferiorly and laterally

superior oblique innervation

trochlear nerve

inferior oblique origin

anteromedial floor of orbit

inferior oblique insertion

inferior, posterolateral eye

inferior oblique action

turns eyeball superiorly and laterally

inferior oblique innervation

oculomotor nerve

tensor tympani origin

auditory tube

tensor tympani insertion

malleus

tensor tympani action

pulls malleus towards incus

tensor tympani innervation

mandibular nerve

stapedius origin

posterior wall of middle ear

stapedius insertion

stapes

stapedius action

pulls stapes toward incus

stapedius innervation

facial nerve

Sternocleidomastoid origin

manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle

sternocleidomastoid insertion

mastoid process

Sternocleidomastoid action

bilateral: flexes head and neck

unilateral: laterally flexes head and neck

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

spinal accessory nerve

trapezius origin

occipital bone and spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

trapezius insertion

acromion process, spine of scapula, lateral clavicle

trapezius action

superior fibers: elevate scapula

middle fibers: retract scapula

inferior fibers: depress scapula

trapezius innervation

spinal accessory nerve

anterior belly of the digastric origin

inferior margin of mandible near symphysis

anterior belly of digastric insertion

hyoid bone via connective tissue loop

anterior belly of the digastric action

elevates and steadies hyoid

anterior belly of the digastric innervation

mandibular nerve