Floral Design Final Exam

Flower Parts: What is the showpiece of the flower?

Petals

Flower Parts: What is the outmost flower structure that encloses others while a bud?

Sepals

Flower Parts: What is the female reproductive part of the flower?

Pistils

Flower Parts: What are all petals combined called?

Corolla

Flower Parts: Collectively Sepals are known as?

Calyx

Flower Parts: Parts of the pistil?

Stigma, Style, and Ovary

Flower Parts: Male reproductive part of the flower?

Stamens

Flower Parts: Parts of the stamens?

Filament and Anther

Flower Parts: Collective term for petals and stepal?

Perianth

A single flower on an upright stem?

Solitary Flower

Flower that is made up of several florets?

Inflorescence

The main supporting stalk or stem of the entire inflorescence?

Peduncle

Lateral stem supporting a single flower or floret?

Pedicel

Modified leaf?

Bract

Spike of flowers on a swollen, fleshy axis, usually surrounded by a colorful bract?

Spadix

Flowers with no leaves on stem?

Scapose

Leaf that is not divided into parts?

Simple leaf

Leaf that is divided into two or more leaflets?

Compound leaf

Leaf parts: The leaf?

Blade

Leaf Parts: stalk of a leaf?

Petiole

Leaf parts: Leaf like appendages at the base of the stalk?

Stipules

Patterns of leaf veins?

Venation

Three main types of Venations(Leaf patterns)?

Parallel, Pinnate, Palmate

What two names comprise the scientific name?

Genus(last), Specific Epithet(First)

5 flower shape categories?

Line, Form, Mass, Filler, Foliage

Flowers that are erect and tall, give length and linear pattern, establish height, can also be curvilinear.

Line

Accent flowers, characteristic forms, used sparingly, often exotic

Form

Single stem, one solid rounded head, used toward focal point and can help establish line.

Mass

Adds finishing touch, small and delicate, bunchy and feathery

Filler

skeleton of a design?

Line

flower characterization that is a center of interest?

Form

Flower type that draws attention towards the focal point?

Mass

Background flower type?

Filler

Flower type that can be anything and also hides mechanics

Foliage

What is Vase life?

length of time a flower can remain alive

What is senescence?

flower death

What are the three main ingredients in floral preservative?

Acidifier, Sugars, Biocide

Additive that makes water more acidic?

Acidifier

Addititive that helps buds open and last longer?

Sugars

Additive that reduces growth of bacteria and fungi?

Biocide

Process by which plants lose water through openings in leaves and flowers, occurs more rapidly at higher temps

Transpiration

What temp should regular flowers be stored?

33-35 degrees F

What temp should Tropical Flowers be stored?

50-60 degrees F

What is ethylene gas?

naturally occuring gas that speeds maturity, causes rapid deterioration

What is a primary color?

building blocks for the entire color system: red, blue, yellow

What is a secondary color?

Combo of two primary colors: green, purple, orange

What is a tertiary/intermediate color?

primary color + adjacent secondary color: red-violet, yellow-green, red-orange, yellow-orange, etc

What colors are considered to be neutral?

Black, gray, white, brown, beige, tan

What is a tint?

a color + white

what is the lightness or darkness of a color?

Value

What is a tone?

A color + gray

What is a shade?

A color + Black

What colors are considered to be warm?

red, orange, yellow

Characteristics of warm colors?

advances/appears closer, excites, assosciated with heat

What are considered to be cool colors?

blue, green, purple

Characteristics of cool colors?

recedes/appears further away, calms, assosciated with cool things

Three main categories of color schemes?

Related, Contrasting, Discordant

Related Color scheme types?

achromatic, monochromatic, analogous

What is a related color scheme?

Uses common colors to unify

Contrasting color scheme types?

Complimentary, split complimentary, triadic

What is a contrasting color scheme?

Colors from distant parts of the wheel, visually exciting

Discordant color scheme types?

double complement, alternate complement, tetrad, polychromatic

What is a discordant color scheme?

Intentionally uses colors that clash, four different colors,

What is an achromatic color scheme?

means “without color”, generally an all white design

what is a monochromatic color scheme?

one color, uses various tints, tones, and shades

What is an analogous color scheme?

Colors next to each other on the color wheel, Have a color in common, three or more

ex. Orange, red-orange, and red

What is a complementary color scheme?

Two colors directly opposite each other on the wheel, complement and intensify each other

ex. orange and blue

What is a split complementary color scheme?

three colors, any color plus two colors adjacent to its complement

What is a triadic color scheme?

three colors equally spaced on the wheel, unrelated colors

What is a double complement color scheme?

two pairs of complements

What is an alternate-complement color scheme?

A triad + one direct complement

What is a tetrad color scheme?

Four colors equal distance from each other on the wheel

What is a polychromatic color scheme?

Uses many varied colors

What is an actual line?

A line produced using linear materials such as line flowers, actual line is created

What is an implied line?

Produced by the placement of form or mass flowers, actual line is created

What is a psychic line?

Produced by directional facing flowers, line does not exist but we feel a line between two flowers

What are the four main types of lines?

vertical, horizontal, curved, diagonal

What is a static line?

Lines in a composition that are parallel to imaginary frame sides, occur within vertical and horizontal framework, lack of energy

What is a dynamic line?

Lines that are not parallel to the sides of an imaginary frame, opposition to the majority of lines in a design, visual excitement

Two definitions of form?

1. The shape or contour of individual components in a design

2. the overall three dimensional configuration or shape of a design

types of form?

closed form, open form, free form interprative

What is geometric form?

designs can be geometric forms: circle, square, triangle

What is closed form?

Solid, compact, mass, lots of flowers

What is open form?

spreading, radiating, space between parts, not a lot of flowers

What is free form interperative?

inspired by unconventional ideas or patterns, variation of shape, no geometric pattern, can be realistic or non realistic

What is realistic free form interperative?

Takes inspo from nature, intrinsic value of material themselves, free of geometric patterns

What is non realistic free form interperative?

unusual use of materials with no illusions of reality, flowers used for color, texture, and form, flowers do not have to be the primary interest

What is repetition of form?

Repeating like elements within a design

What is positive space?

Area occupied by material

What is negative space?

empty area between components, open space

What is a void?

open space or break in a design that connects one area of positive space with another

Which textures are lost first the further you move away from a design?

Fine

Texture that contracts opposition and appears closer?

Fine in foreground, coarse in background

Texture that expands composition, appears farther away?

Coarse in foreground, fine in bacgkround

Definition of Harmony?

Pleasing quality created by selection of PARTS of a composition, relationship between all elements

Definition of Unity?

related to harmony, the state of being one, the WHOLE is more important than the parts

How can you create unity?

proximity, repitition, transition/continuation

What are the two main types of balance?

Physical and Visual

What are the four types of visual balance?

symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial, open