thesis

Main claim

Child abuse and harsh or inconsistent parenting styles can severely disrupt a child’s psychological, emotional, cognitive, and social development

Attachment disruptions

Abuse or cold authoritarian parenting can lead to insecure or disorganized attachment, causing difficulty trusting others and regulating emotions.

Emotional effects

Higher risks anxiety, depression, low self esteem, and difficulty understanding or expressing emotions

Cognitive development

Chorionic stress from abuse activates responses that can impair memory, attention, problem solving, and academic performance.

Behavioral problems

Children may show aggression, withdrawal, impulsivity, or difficulties in relationships.

Baumrind parenting styles

1. Authoritative (Best Outcome)

• High warmth, high control

• Clear rules + support

• Kids: confident, responsible, good self-regulation

2. Authoritarian

• Low warmth, high control

• Strict, demanding, little discussion

• Kids: obedient but anxious, low self-esteem, may rebel

3. Permissive

• High warmth, low control

• Few rules, avoids discipline

• Kids: impulsive, poor self-control, struggle with limits

4. Neglectful / Uninvolved

• Low warmth, low control

• Emotionally detached, little guidance

• Kids: insecure, poor academics, behavior problems