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Definition of public health
every state’s responsibility to ensure equal health
Zoonotic diseases
diseases that originate within the animal kingdom and transfer to people
Infectious diseases
communicable, spread from person to person
Non-infectious diseases
noncommunicable, diseases that spread within a person through bacteria, etc.
WHO
World Health Organization, organization that does research, sends out info, and helps protect from diseases
Food security
whether or not a person/family has regular access to a steady food supply
Malnutrition
not getting the right types of nutrients in foods
Overnutrition
eating too much nutrients then is necessary/healthy for a person
Undernutrition
not getting enough food/sustenance to keep functioning
Effects of malnutrition
physical effects, developmental issues especially cognitively, mental health struggles, difficulty functioning, education interrupted
The different epidemiological transitions
Agricultural Revolution (animals and people in close proximity, domesticated animals, people are settling in locations)
Industrial Revolution (people live in much closer proximity, urbanization, transmission is easier) includes Bacterial Revolution (learned what bacterial is and how it spreads, created medicines to stop spread)
Rise of antibiotic resistance diseases (people don’t finish antibiotics, or can’t, so the bacteria learns to wait until it stops and attack later)
Epidemic
a disease/illness that effects a certain area/region of the world. Can spread but doesn’t effect the whole world at once
Pandemic
effects the whole world at once
HIV/AIDS
human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, communicable disease that spreads through bodily fluids, specifically sexually transmitted. Was originally call “gay plague” and heavily stigmatized. No cure, but medication to prolong the transition from one to the other.
Stigma
people associating one thing with something else, often negatively, like HIV. Leads to a lack of discussion/focus on the issue
Health care
the governments responsibility/ability to provide for its citizens. Getting help and consistent assistance for health needs.
Beveridge model
Pay through taxes to gov. Who control hospitals that are public, private out of pocket
Bismarck model
medical fund that comes from employer and employee and works like insurance but cannot make a profit or deny care, private hospitals mostly, some public options
National Health Insurance model
combination of bismark and beverage
Out of pocket model
self explanatory
Period poverty and period shaming
cultures that deem the period to be “unclean” and stigmatize it. Women and girls are not educated and therefore miss out on experiences because of it. Also the financial burden of buying period products can be too much for some people
DALY
Disability Affected Lifespan Years: How a certain illness or issue effects your lifespan and the quality of your life (color versus size on the chart)