History Unit 5 Test

Definition of public health

every state’s responsibility to ensure equal health

Zoonotic diseases

diseases that originate within the animal kingdom and transfer to people

Infectious diseases

communicable, spread from person to person

Non-infectious diseases

noncommunicable, diseases that spread within a person through bacteria, etc.

WHO

World Health Organization, organization that does research, sends out info, and helps protect from diseases

Food security

whether or not a person/family has regular access to a steady food supply

Malnutrition

not getting the right types of nutrients in foods

Overnutrition

eating too much nutrients then is necessary/healthy for a person

Undernutrition

not getting enough food/sustenance to keep functioning

Effects of malnutrition

physical effects, developmental issues especially cognitively, mental health struggles, difficulty functioning, education interrupted

The different epidemiological transitions

Agricultural Revolution (animals and people in close proximity, domesticated animals, people are settling in locations)

Industrial Revolution (people live in much closer proximity, urbanization, transmission is easier) includes Bacterial Revolution (learned what bacterial is and how it spreads, created medicines to stop spread)

Rise of antibiotic resistance diseases (people don’t finish antibiotics, or can’t, so the bacteria learns to wait until it stops and attack later)

Epidemic

a disease/illness that effects a certain area/region of the world. Can spread but doesn’t effect the whole world at once

Pandemic

effects the whole world at once

HIV/AIDS

human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, communicable disease that spreads through bodily fluids, specifically sexually transmitted. Was originally call “gay plague” and heavily stigmatized. No cure, but medication to prolong the transition from one to the other.

Stigma

people associating one thing with something else, often negatively, like HIV. Leads to a lack of discussion/focus on the issue

Health care

the governments responsibility/ability to provide for its citizens. Getting help and consistent assistance for health needs.

Beveridge model

Pay through taxes to gov. Who control hospitals that are public, private out of pocket

Bismarck model

medical fund that comes from employer and employee and works like insurance but cannot make a profit or deny care, private hospitals mostly, some public options

National Health Insurance model

combination of bismark and beverage

Out of pocket model

self explanatory

Period poverty and period shaming

cultures that deem the period to be “unclean” and stigmatize it. Women and girls are not educated and therefore miss out on experiences because of it. Also the financial burden of buying period products can be too much for some people

DALY

Disability Affected Lifespan Years: How a certain illness or issue effects your lifespan and the quality of your life (color versus size on the chart)