Investigation 7: Stoichiometry

The flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to stoichiometry and chemical reactions as discussed in the lecture.

Stoichiometry

Branch of chemistry dealing with numerical relationships in chemical reactions; the calculation of quantities of substances involved in chemical equations.

Balanced Chemical Equation

An equation that shows equal numbers of atoms for each element involved in a reaction, indicating the conservation of mass.

Law of Conservation of Mass

In a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole (g/mol), which is used to convert between grams and moles.

Coefficient

A numerical factor in a chemical equation that indicates the number of molecules or moles of a reactant or product.

Limiting Reagent

The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product that can be formed.

Percent Yield

The ratio of the actual yield of product obtained from a reaction to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.

Avogadro's Number

6.02 × 10^23, the number of representative particles (atoms, molecules) in one mole of a substance.

Moles

A unit of measurement in chemistry that represents a specific number of particles, typically atoms or molecules.

Reactants

Substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction, present on the left side of a chemical equation.

Products

Substances that are formed as a result of a chemical reaction, found on the right side of a chemical equation.

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Conditions under which the volume of a gas is measured, defined as 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere of pressure, where 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 liters.

Volume of Gas at STP

The volume occupied by one mole of any gas at standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 L.

Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction showing the reactants, products, and their relative amounts.