20.12b Postnatal Changes
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14 Terms
What triggers changes from fetal to postnatal circulation?
The first breath at birth.
What happens to pulmonary arteries after the first breath?
They dilate.
What happens to pulmonary resistance after birth?
It decreases.
How does pressure change in the heart after birth?
Right-side pressure decreases and left-side pressure becomes higher.
What happens to the umbilical vein after birth?
It becomes the round ligament of the liver.
What happens to the umbilical arteries after birth?
They become the medial umbilical ligaments.
What happens to the ductus venosus after birth?
It constricts and becomes the ligamentum venosum.
What happens to the foramen ovale after birth?
It closes due to higher pressure on the left side of the heart.
What remains of the foramen ovale after closure?
The fossa ovalis.
What is the fossa ovalis?
A small depression in the interatrial septum.
What happens to the ductus arteriosus after birth?
It closes within 10 to 15 hours.
What does the ductus arteriosus become?
The ligamentum arteriosum.
Why do these changes occur after birth?
To shift circulation from placental to lung-based oxygen exchange.
What is the overall result of postnatal changes?
The cardiovascular system becomes independent of the placenta.
