Mental and physical development

crawl

bò

tie a shoelace

buộc dây giày

mimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ - imitate /ˈɪm.ə.teɪt/

mimicking

bắt chước

• mimic: bắt chước cách ăn nói, thường để gây cười

• mimic: bắt chước hành vi, cử chỉ, hoặc âm thanh của người khác.

gesture /ˈdʒes.tʃɚ/ + of

make a gesture

cử chỉ

a movement of the hands, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling:

infant

A very young child or baby, typically under one year old, who is in the early stages of development.

toddler

A young child, typically between the ages of one and three, who is beginning to walk and engage in more interactive play.

immature

Not fully developed or grown; lacking mental or emotional maturity.

acquire /əˈkwaɪɚ/

→ acquisition /ˌæk.wəˈzɪʃ.ən/

to gain or develop a skill, ability, or knowledge through experience or education.

đạt được / the process of gaining sth

I want to understand more abour how children acquire language.

With practice, stds can acquire better study habits.

unassisted

without being helped by anyone or anything

She was able to complete the task unassisted.

She decided on an unassisted birth at home.

spontaneously /spɑːnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/

một cách tự phát

in a natural, unforced way

This story may prompt you to burst spontaneously into uncontrollable sobs.

She spontaneously decided to travel to China without any prior plans.

self-conscious

tự ti, e dè hoặc lo lắng về bản thân, đặc biệt là khi nghĩ rằng người khác đang đánh giá mình.

• She felt self-conscious about her accent when speaking English.

• He became self-conscious when he realized everyone was looking at him.

• At first, I was self-conscious about my new haircut, but then I got used to it.

• He is too self-conscious to dance in front of other people.

• Wearing braces made her feel self-conscious, but her friends reassured her that she looked fine.

rebel against

→ rebellious

• chống đối lại - a person who does not like rules or authority, and shows this by behaving differently from most people in society

The children rebelled against the school rules.

• If someone is rebellious, they are difficult to control and do not behave in the way that is expected:

Her teachers regard her as a rebellious, trouble-making girl.

overindulgent

quá nuông chiều: allowing yourself to have too much of something enjoyable, especially food or drink

Those children are overindulgent and rebellious

Overindulgent parenting can lead to rebellious behavior in teenagers.

struggle with -v

gặp khó khắn với điều gì đó/ vật lộn với một vấn đề nào đó

First-year stds often struggle with the transition from high school to university.

He struggled with expressing his thoughts before crowds.

make presentation to sb

thuyết trình cho ai nghe

I would like to make presentation to my peers rather than the teachers

abstract

trừu tượng

In speaking part three, you are expected to talk more about abstract topics

Infinity is an abstract concept that really hard for children to grasp

throw a tantrum /ˈtæn.trəm/

nối cơn giận dư, ăn vạ- thường là khi trẻ con khóc la vì không được như ý muốn của chúng

• The little boy threw a tantrum when his mother refused to buy him a toy.
  (Cậu bé nổi cơn ăn vạ khi mẹ cậu từ chối mua đồ chơi cho cậu.)

• If you don’t give her candy, she will throw a tantrum.
  (Nếu bạn không cho cô bé kẹo, cô ấy sẽ nổi cơn giận dữ.)

• He threw a tantrum just because he lost the game.
  (Cậu ta tức giận chỉ vì thua trò chơi.)

overprotective

bảo vệ thái quá

wishing to protect someone, especially a child, too much:

The children of overprotective parents often do not develop the skills they need to take care of themselves when they leave home.

tolerant of >< intolerant of

tolerance

khoan dung, chấp nhận sự khác biệt (willing to accept behaviour and beliefs that are different from your own, although you might not agree with or approve of them)

The present government is even less tolerant of dissent.

People in Italy are more tolerant of children in public places than in Britain.

He is intolerant of other cultures.

unsteady

không vững, không ổn định

She walked unsteady steps after the accident

keep an open mind

try not to judge before you know the facts

bear in mind

remember

= keep in mind

= remember

You should bear in mind these new words.

broaden the mind

increase your knowledge

I often read books to ~

have something in mind

have an idea

• She has a new project in mind for next month.
  (Cô ấy có một dự án mới trong đầu cho tháng tới.)

• I have something in mind for dinner tonight, but I'm not sure yet.
  (Tôi có một ý tưởng cho bữa tối tối nay, nhưng chưa chắc chắn lắm.)

have something on your mind

be worried about something

• She has a lot on her mind with the upcoming exams.
  (Cô ấy có nhiều điều phải lo nghĩ với các kỳ thi sắp tới.)

• I can tell you have something on your mind. What's bothering you?
  (Tôi có thể thấy bạn đang suy nghĩ về điều gì. Có gì làm bạn lo lắng vậy?)

• If you have something on your mind, feel free to talk about it.
  (Nếu bạn có điều gì đang suy nghĩ, đừng ngần ngại nói ra.)

• He has the children on his mind, especially when they are at school.

my mind went blank

your mind is a blank/goes blank

When your mind is a blank/goes blank, you cannot remember a particular thing, or you cannot remember anything:

your mind is a complete blank/goes completely blank I tried to remember her name, but my mind was a complete blank/went completely blank.

Whenever I meet my crush, my mind goes blank

it slipped my mind

I forgot

I was so busy that it totally slipped my mind to call you

put your mind at ease = ease your mind = calm your nerves

stop you from worrying

Watching a film puts my mind at ease