Civil Rights Movement Flashcards

Flashcards on the Civil Rights Movement

Brown v. Board of Education

A Supreme Court case in 1954 that ended legal segregation in public schools, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson.

Thurgood Marshall

The NAACP's legal strategy was led by this individual.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A bus boycott in 1955-1956 that aimed to end segregation on public buses.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Organization led by MLK that lead the Montgomery Improvement Association

Central High School, Little Rock, AK

Enforcement of school integration in 1957, where federal authority was tested.

Orval Faubus

The Governor who used the National Guard to block 9 black students' entrance to Central High School.

Greensboro, NC & Sit-Ins

A series of sit-ins in 1960 that aimed to desegregate lunch counters and sparked a wave of similar protests.

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

An organization that was created due to the sit-ins

Freedom Riders

A movement in 1961 that tested the desegregation of interstate travel terminals.

Boynton v. Virginia

An act that racial segregation in public transportation was illegal since it violated Interstate Commerce Act

Birmingham, AL

A city in Alabama in 1963 known for its efforts to desegregate public facilities and demand equal employment.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

MLK's famous letter written from jail

Bull Connor

The police chief in Birmingham known for his brutal tactics against civil rights protesters.

March on Washington

A large rally in 1963 in Washington, D.C., for civil rights, economic justice, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act.

I have a dream

MLK's famous speech at the march on washington

Freedom Summer

A campaign in 1964 to register black voters and build community schools in Mississippi.

Selma, AL

An event in 1965 in Selma, Alabama, that pushed for voting rights legislation, also known as 'Bloody Sunday'.

Edmund Pettus Bridge

Site of the Bloody Sunday attacks.

University of Alabama & Ole Miss

Desegregation higher education in 1962 and 1963, testing state vs. federal power.

Governor Wallace

He physically blocked entrance into University of Alabama

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Landmark legislation in 1964 that ended segregation and discrimination based on race, sex, religion, or national origin.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Landmark legislation in 1965 that removed barriers to black enfranchisement.

John Lewis

MLK marched with this person

Race Riots in Border/Northern states

Events from 1964-1968 in border/northern states that expressed rage over poverty, discrimination, and police brutality.

Black Panthers/Black Power Movement

A movement from 1968-1970 that aimed to empower black communities and promote self-defense and racial pride.

Huey Newton

The founder of the Black Panthers with Bobby Seale

Malcolm X Assassination

Advocated black nationalism and later Pan-African unity, assassinated in 1965.

OAAU

Organization of Afro-American Unity

MLK Assassination

Assassinated in 1968, loss of a unifying and nonviolent leader.

Bakke v. California

Challenges to racial quotas in college admissions in 1978.

Allan Bakke

A white applicant who sued for reverse discrimination

1970s - school bussing

Efforts starting in 1970 to achieve school integration by transporting students across district lines.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Supreme Court case that decided that public facilities may be “separate but equal”.

Freedom Riders

The group that fought for equality in interstate bus laws.

George Wallace

The governor of Alabama who fought against the integration of schools and universities.

Lyndon Johnson

The president that signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

14th Amendment

Gave citizenship to every person born in the United States.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws were the state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

SNCC

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

Emmett Till

The young man that was killed for whistling at a white woman.