Ethics and Integrity in Scientific Research

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR)

Guidelines ensuring ethical research practices.

Scientific Misconduct

Unethical behavior violating formal research guidelines.

Falsification

Intentional alteration of data to misrepresent results.

Fabrication

Creation of false data or results not based on research.

Plagiarism

Using others' work without proper attribution.

Consequences of Misconduct

Severe repercussions affecting trust in science.

Integrity in Science

Foundation of trust essential for scientific progress.

Trust in Science

Essential for collaboration and societal improvement.

Errors vs. Misconduct

Errors are unintentional; misconduct is deliberate.

Merit Advancement

Desire for recognition leading to potential misconduct.

Collegial Pressure

Influence from peers affecting research integrity.

Financial Benefits

Monetary incentives that may lead to unethical practices.

Open Scientific Practice

Transparency in research to minimize biases.

Healthy Skepticism

Critical questioning to uphold scientific integrity.

Values in Science

Personal beliefs influencing research interpretation.

Code of Conduct

Formal rules guiding ethical behavior in research.

Consequences of Misbehavior

Erosion of public trust and scientific credibility.

Research Integrity

Commitment to honesty and ethical standards.

Scientific Community

Collective of researchers maintaining ethical standards.

Henriikka Clarkeburn

Scholar discussing ethics and misconduct in science.

Alberts and Shine (1994)

Authors emphasizing trust's importance in science.

Korenman et al. (1998)

Researchers advocating for sanctions against misconduct.

Plagiarism

Adoption of another's research without credit.

Misappropriation

Using another's research idea or observations.

Scientific Integrity

Adherence to ethical standards in research.

Scientific Misconduct

Rejecting proper scientific practices in research.

Personal Values

Individual beliefs influencing scientific integrity.

Trust in Science

Public confidence based on scientific values.

Animal Welfare Debate

Public concern over ethical animal research.

Moral Acceptability

Ethical considerations beyond legal compliance.

Legality vs Morality

Legal actions may not be morally acceptable.

Nuclear Research Responsibility

Debate over scientists' accountability for applications.

Genetic Research Ethics

Concerns about responsibility in genetic advancements.

Contingent Responsibility

Claiming no direct responsibility for research applications.

Social and Moral Issues

Considerations beyond legal requirements in research.

Research Objectives

Goals guiding scientific inquiry and integrity.

Public Reaction

Societal response to controversial scientific methods.

Legal Requirements

Laws governing acceptable research practices.

Scientific Community Values

Shared principles guiding ethical research conduct.

Research Methods

Techniques and procedures used in scientific studies.

Erosion of Trust

Loss of public confidence in scientific integrity.

Controversial Methods

Techniques that provoke ethical debate.

Knowledge Applications

Use of research findings in real-world scenarios.

Limits of Science

Debate on boundaries for scientific advancement.

Good Person Actions

Laboratory actions should align with ethical standards.

Positive Research Contribution

Research should benefit society and the world.

Research Integrity

Adherence to ethical standards in scientific research.

Plagiarism

Using others' work without proper acknowledgment.

Verbatim Quotation

Exact wording used without citation or acknowledgment.

Paraphrasing

Rewording a source without proper citation.

Auto-plagiarism

Reusing one's own previous work without permission.

Cutting and Pasting

Copying text from sources without citation.

Reference

Acknowledgment of sources used in research.

Scientific Writing

Communicating research findings in a clear manner.

Ethical Guidelines

Standards for responsible conduct in research.

Research Norms

Established standards for ethical research practices.

Bibliography

List of sources cited in academic work.

Acknowledgment

Recognition of sources in written work.

Misconduct

Unethical behavior in scientific research.

Scrutinize Sources

Evaluate reliability of information from the internet.

Full Reference

Complete citation details for a source.

Understanding Subject

Demonstrating comprehension through original writing.

National Research Ethics Council

Body providing guidelines for research ethics.

Bioethics

Study of ethical issues in biological research.

Research Misconduct Guidelines

Protocols for handling research integrity violations.

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR)

Good citizenship principles applied to professional research.

Professional Codes

Guidelines established by professional organizations for conduct.

Government Regulations

Laws governing ethical standards in research.

Institutional Policies

Rules set by research institutions for ethical conduct.

Personal Convictions

Individual beliefs guiding ethical research practices.

Research Integrity Breaches

Actions damaging trust in research and scientists.

Protection of Human Subjects

Ensuring safety and rights of research participants.

Welfare of Laboratory Animals

Ethical treatment and care of research animals.

Conflicts of Interest

Situations where personal interests may affect research.

Data Management Practices

Methods for handling and storing research data responsibly.

Authorship and Publication

Ethical considerations in crediting research contributions.

Peer Review

Evaluation of research by experts before publication.

Research Misconduct

Fabrication

Commercially-Funded Research

Research financed by companies with potential biases.

Singapore Statement on Research Integrity

Framework for ethical research developed in 2010.

Integrity in Research

Responsibility for the trustworthiness of research outcomes.

Adherence to Regulations

Compliance with established research laws and policies.

Research Methods

Use of appropriate techniques for valid research findings.

Research Records

Maintaining accurate documentation for verification purposes.

Research Findings Sharing

Openly disseminating data and results of research.

Publication Acknowledgement

Recognizing contributions in research publications.

Public Communication

Distinguishing professional insights from personal opinions.

Reporting Irresponsible Research Practices

Informing authorities about unethical research behaviors.

Irresponsible Research Practices

Misconduct that undermines scientific integrity.

Research Institutions

Organizations responsible for conducting and supporting research.

Procedures for Misconduct

Protocols for addressing allegations of research misconduct.

Protection for Whistleblowers

Safeguards for those reporting misconduct in good faith.

Research Environments

Settings that promote integrity and ethical research.

Clear Policies

Defined guidelines to uphold research integrity.

Societal Benefits vs. Risks

Balancing positive outcomes against potential harms in research.

Code of Ethics

Set of principles guiding ethical research conduct.

Enforceability of Codes

Ability to implement and uphold ethical guidelines.

Consequences of Misconduct

Negative impacts on career and reputation from unethical behavior.

PhD Revocation

Withdrawal of doctoral degree due to misconduct.

Funding Withdrawal

Loss of financial support for research projects.