Mechanical Comprehension and Principles

A set of 20 flashcards covering key concepts and principles related to mechanical comprehension, including laws of motion, fluid dynamics, simple machines, and work efficiency.

What does Bernoulli’s Principle state about fluid velocity and pressure?

As the speed of a fluid or gas increases, the pressure decreases.

How does pressure relate to force and area?

Force divided by Area

What is Boyle's Law?

The absolute pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

What does Charles' Law state?

Gases expand when heated; volume and temperature of a gas are directly proportional at constant pressure.

What is Newton's First Law of Motion?

Objects in motion remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

How is Force calculated according to Newton's Second Law?

equals Mass times Acceleration

What is the relationship between displacement and position?

Displacement is the change in position of an object relative to a reference frame.

What is the difference between velocity and speed?

Velocity is a vector quantity with direction, while speed is a scalar quantity with no direction.

How is angular velocity defined?

the measure of how fast an object is rotating around a central point.

What is the formula for acceleration?

the change in velocity divided by the change in time (Aavg = ΔV/ΔT).

What is linear momentum?

the quantity of motion of a moving body, calculated as mass times velocity.

What does the principle of conservation of momentum state?

In an isolated system, the total momentum of a body remains constant unless acted upon by an external force.

What does efficiency measure in work?

Efficiency measures the ratio of useful work output to total work input.

What defines a simple machine?

transforms forces to make tasks easier, such as changing the direction or magnitude of force.

What is the Mechanical Advantage (MA) of a system?

the factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force or torque applied to it.

How do you find the weight a pulley system can lift using MA?

Multiply the input force by the system's mechanical advantage to find the maximum weight it can lift.

What is the relationship between density and buoyancy in fluids?

An object will float if its density is less than that of the fluid it is in; it will sink if it is greater.

How is pressure defined in fluids?

Pressure is the continuous physical force exerted on an object by fluid in contact with it.

What does Pascal's principle describe?

In a confined fluid, any change in pressure is transmitted equally throughout the fluid.

How does the concept of lift apply to airplane wings according to Bernoulli's Principle?

Air pressure on top of a wing is lower due to increased airspeed, causing lift as higher pressure underneath pushes the wing upward.

Process of transferring heat from one location to another

Radiation, convection, and conduction