Emotion and Cognition

Cannot believe that I forgot which colours make yellow in the S+P exam on Monday FML

What is the term given to the process of thinking about emotional responses?

Appraisals

True or false, emotion affects all other aspects of cognition

True

What do many theories argue is the main basis of emotion?

Physiological

What did Darwin argue about emotion?

Emotion is basic and consistent through language and culture

What are the 6 Eckman emotions?

Anger, fear, disgust, happiness, surprise and sadness

What was the evidence for the categorization of each 6 Eckman emotions?

They all have facial expressions related to each emotion

What are some arguments against basic emotion theories like Eckman and Darwin?

Basic emotions do not capture the continuity of the emotion profile

What one of the main challenges of studying emotions in cognitive psychology?

Emotions are hard to categorize neurally

What is the main neural system responsible for emotion production?

The lymbic system

What are the main structures found in the lymbic system?

PFC, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus and the amygdala

What is the main structure responsible for fear and fear recognition?

Amygdala

What is another role that the amygdala plays in emotion production?

decides emotional valance of the stimuli

What is the strongest emotion in terms of neural presence?

Disgust

What are the structures associated disgust?

Basal gangliar and insular cortex

Why is it helpful, in terms of evolution, to have disgust to be the strongest emotion neurally?

Prevention of ingestion of harmful substances and separation from antisocial behaviors

What is some evidence for emotion being experienced on a continuum?

The similarities between nervousness and excitation

What is the term given to the level of intensity of a given emotion?

arousal

Outline the two axis for the circumplex of human emotion?

Arousal and valence

Outline the two axis of the Geneva wheel of emotion?

Control over the emotion and pleasantness

What is critical to the formation of social regulation?

manipulation of emotion

What type of emotion production refers to more stable, less specific emotion?

Mood induction

What type of emotion production refers to stimuli that elicits specific emotional responses?

evocative stimuli

What are the three direct methods of assessing emotion?

Behavior, pupil dilation and skin conductance

What nervous systems are considered to be the progenitors of arousal?

Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems

What do we base most of our stimuli value to?

previous experience

What can aid with memory encoding clarity?

Emotional salience

What type of classical conditioning can link emotional responses to random occurrences in the environment?

Emotional/autonomic classical conditioning

What conditioning is associated with a preference formation with an object due to its emotional valance?

Evaluative conditioning

What industry relies on evaluative conditioning to generate profit for other companies?

Advertising

What is the term given the reversing of an emotional conditioning via unlearning the related association?

Extinction

Why extinction easy to do for autonomic but not evaluative conditioning?

Social and cultural bias

What is the term given learning emotional association through reward and punishment?

Instrumental opperant conditioning

What structure evaluates emotional stimuli can co-ordinates response actions?

PFC

What structure reinforces behavior neurally?

Basal ganglia

What is another term for the reward pathway?

Meso-lymbic

What are some behaviors that can be reinforced through instructional/ observational learning?

Fear of sharks, snakes and men that wear skinny jeans

What type of neural pathways compute emotion association learned through observation?

Mirror neurons

What emotional variable facilitates the efficacy of consolidation?

Arousal

What cognition is seen to have a positive linear relationship with stress levels?

Emotional memory

In terms of stress levels what is the difference between emotional and non-emotional memory?

High levels of stress significantly decrease the efficacy of non-emotional memory

What were the findings from the Emotional Stroop task in experimental environments?

Emotional salience and attention are directly proportional

What is the term given to the phenomena where emotionally salient objects are easier to find in visual search tasks?

Pop-out effect