Cholesterol, Steroid Hormones and Bile Acids

Practice flashcards based on the lecture notes covering cholesterol, steroid hormones, and bile acids.

What are the aims of studying cholesterol?

To understand the biosynthesis and functional importance of cholesterol.

What is HMG CoA reductase and its significance?

HMG CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, targeted by statin drugs.

What is the primary site of cholesterol synthesis in the human body?

The liver.

What are some dietary sources of cholesterol?

Eggs, butter, cheese, cream, and most meats.

How much cholesterol do Western societies typically absorb daily?

300 to 500 mg or higher.

What are the consequences of failure to control cholesterol levels?

High plasma cholesterol levels and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

What condition is caused by a defect in the enzyme DHCR7?

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.

What are the primary bile acids synthesized from cholesterol?

Glycocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid.

What is the function of bile acids in digestion?

Bile acids assist in the digestion of dietary fats by emulsifying lipids.

What is the basic message regarding cholesterol?

Cholesterol is vital for cell membranes, steroid hormones, bile acids, and is regulated through biosynthesis and excretion.