1.7 State-Building Processes from c. 1200 to c (study flashcards attached)

These flashcards cover the key concepts of state-building and the role of trade, religion, and nomadic peoples between c. 1200 and c. 1450.

What major trend occurred in the world between c. 1200 and c. 1450 regarding states?

States in core areas grew larger and more centralized while smaller states declined.

Which empire created the largest land-based empire in world history during this period?

The Mongol Empire.

What role did Islam play in state-building in West Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia?

Islam was a key part of state-building.

Name a significant empire in Europe during the period of c. 1200 to c. 1450.

The Holy Roman Empire.

How did trade impact state development in Europe compared to Asia?

Trade had a greater impact on state development in Europe, particularly through trade with the Middle East.

What system was used by the Inca Empire to support state-building?

The mit'a system.

What was a major trend in Europe regarding state formation during this period?

Feudal ties declined as centralized states developed.

What was the political structure of the Song Dynasty in China?

It was based on a powerful bureaucracy supported by Confucian scholars.

What religious belief system helped to legitimize rulers in China?

Confucianism.

What was the impact of religion on state-building across various regions?

Religion helped unite diverse populations and strengthen political control.

How did the Abbasid Caliphate change during this time?

It became fragmented by invaders and shifts in trade.

What was a significant cultural achievement of the Song Dynasty?

It experienced technological and cultural progress.

What facilitated the transfer of knowledge between Europe and Asia during this period?

Mongol dominance allowed for expanded trade and cultural exchange.

What was the effect of increased trade on China's population?

It supported a growing and urban citizenry.

What was one result of the growth of trade networks in the Indian Ocean and other areas?

The spread of major religions like Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity.

What was a characteristic of nomadic peoples’ role in state-building between c. 1200 and 1450?

They played a key role in commerce and cross-cultural exchanges.

Which cultures were impacted by the diffusion of religions during the period?

Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.

What were the two types of cultures often contrasted in terms of women’s roles?

Patriarchal cultures and those offering women leadership opportunities in religious communities.

Name an example of a new empire that emerged during the period from c. 1200 to c. 1450.

The Mali Empire.

What did the Neo-Confucianism contribute to in East Asia?

It helped justify and consolidate the political power of rulers.

What were the four types of state-building processes identified in the notes?

Emergence of new states, revival of former empires, synthesis of different traditions, expansion in scope.

What was the impact of the Crusades on European interaction with the Middle East?

It initiated conflict and attempts to seize lands considered holy.

How did the feudal system in Japan differ from European centralized state-building?

Japan became more decentralized and feudal.

Which two major nomadic groups emerged from the Central Asian steppes?

The Mongols and Turkish peoples.

What did the Abbasid territory contribute to later empires?

It served as a former territory for new states like the Mamluk Empire.

What is a key feature of the Islamic world that supported state-building?

The shared beliefs and the common Arabic language.

How did the Song Dynasty compare with the Han Dynasty?

The Song Dynasty emerged as the strongest state in China since the Han.

What was a major educational outcome related to the spread of printing in Europe?

Increased literacy rates.

Name one Empire that emerged from the former Gupta territory.

The Delhi Sultanate.

What aspect of social organization does the term 'patriarchy' refer to?

A societal structure where men hold primary power.

What technological innovation from China spread across Eurasia?

Paper manufacturing.