L1 evo by natural selection

theory

explains a broad class of observations that are widely supported by evidence

pattern

series of observations about the natural world facts

process

mechanism that produces that set of observation

scientific revolution

overturns an existing idea about how nature works and replaces it with a radically different idea

special creation

living things come about spontaneously

population thinking

variation among individuals in a population was the key to understanding the nature of species

radiometric dating

ration of parent to daughter atoms in particular rock sample, used to estimate the age of Earth

fossils

traces of organisms that lived in the past

fossil record

the fossils that have been found and described in scientific literature

sedimentary rock

rocks formed near the Earth's surface, made from materials such as sand and mud

dynamic

overgo changes

transitional features

fossil that shows traits from ancestors and their descendants

law of succession pattern

fossil species are strikingly similar to the living species in the same geographic areas

vestigial traits

reduced or undeveloped structure in an organism that has no/reduced function

phylogenetic treee

diagram that shows ancestor-descendent relationships among taxa

homology

similarity that exists in species descended from a common ancestor

pharyngeal pouch

product of similar developmental processes inherited from common ancestors

speciation

process that results in species splitting into two or more descendant species

internal consistency

different components of a study yield the same conclusions

model system

an organism that is used to study specific biological proccesses

biological fitness

ability of an individual to produce surviving fertile offspring compared to the ability of other individuals in that population

adaption (biological)

heritable trait that increases an individual's fitness in a particular environment relative to individuals lacking that trait

selection

differential reproduction as result of heritable variation

natural experiment

all researchers to compared treatment groups created by an unplanned change in conditions

acclimatization

when individual's phenotype changes in response to changes in environment

adaption

allele frequencies in population change in response to natural selection

silent mutations

Changes in the DNA sequence that do not result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the gene

fitness trade-off

compromise between traits, in terms of how those traits perform in the environment

genetic correlation

selection favors one trait, and causes another trait to negatively change

pleitropy

when one gene affects multiple traits at the same time

evolution

pattern of change through time

natural selection

process that causes adaptive evolution