Chapter 37 review copy

Thyroidectomy

A surgical procedure to remove the thyroid gland, causing a decrease in thyroxine production.

Hypothyroidism

A condition resulting from insufficient production of thyroid hormones, often due to thyroidectomy.

Type 1 Diabetes

A form of diabetes where the body cannot produce insulin, requiring insulin injections for management.

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.

Hyperglycemia

A condition characterized by excessively high blood sugar levels.

Ketosis

A metabolic state in which the body uses fat as its primary energy source due to lack of carbohydrates.

A1C Test

A blood test that measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months, used to diagnose diabetes.

Metformin

A medication used to manage blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity.

Clear to Cloudy (Insulin Mixing)

The technique referring to drawing up clear insulin (regular) before cloudy insulin (long-acting) when mixing insulins.

Foot Care Education for Diabetics

Guidelines for diabetics to cut toenails straight across to prevent ingrown nails and potential infections.

Hyperthyroidism

A condition caused by excessive production of thyroid hormones, leading to increased metabolism.

Thyroid Hormones

Hormones produced by the thyroid gland, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), critical for metabolism regulation.

Rapid Weight Loss

A sudden decrease in body weight often associated with hyperthyroidism due to increased metabolism.

Insulin Resistance

A condition where cells fail to respond effectively to insulin, often seen in type 2 diabetes.

HbA1c

An abbreviation for Hemoglobin A1c, a test used to measure average blood glucose control over a period of time.

Glucose

A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is vital in human metabolism.

Pancreas

A gland involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation by producing both digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

Neuropathy

A type of nerve damage often associated with diabetes, which can cause pain, tingling, and weakness.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar, ketosis, and acidosis, requiring immediate medical attention.

Endocrinologist

A medical specialist who diagnoses and treats hormonal imbalances and disorders of the endocrine system.