AP Human Geography Unit 2 Terms

Physical factors influencing the distribution of population

Physical feature that affects whether people want to live there or not.

Human factors influencing the distribution of population

things like jobs, culture, and politics that determine if people want to live there.

Arithmetic density

Measures populations density by dividing total population by total land area.

Physiological density

A measure of population found by dividing total population by total arable land.

Agricultural density

Population measurement found by dividing total farmers by total arable land.

Consequences of population distribution

The negatives of having one specific demographic in an area.

Carrying capacity

How many people the land can support

Age structure

A tool used to show a percent of a population based on age

Sex ratio

A number of males/females in a population in comparison to each other.

population pyramid

A vertical graph comparing gender and age within a population.

Fertility rates

The average number of a kids a women will have in her child-bearing years

Mortality rates

The amount of deaths in a population over a specific time.

natural increase rate( NIR)

The percentage at which a population grows anually.

Doubling time

The time it takes to double the population if the NIR continues.

Demographic transition model

A graph showing how counties move throughout the stages based on CBR, CDR and total population

Epidemiological transition model

A graph that shows how countries move through the stages based on the diseases present.

Malthusian theory

The idea that population will grow and outpace the food supplies

Neo-Malthusian theory

The idea that the population will grow and outpace ALL resources

Boserup theory

The idea that as the population grows people will create new ways to solve problems.

Pronatalist Policy

Policies and programs a government uses to encourage having kids.

Anti-natalist policy

Programs and policies a government uses to discourage having kids.

Immigration policy

Policies or acts used to encourage/discourage immigration.

Women and demographic change

How women affect/are affected by a country moving through the DTM

Access to education

The amount of education a country has based on quality, quantity, and if everyone can get it.

Employment

The amount of people who have jobs.