320 ch 18

what is another name for the posterior pituitary

neurohypophysis

what connects the brain and pituitary gland

infundibulum

what develops from the oral mucosa/cavity

anterior pituitary

what inhibits secretion of GH

GHIH (somatostatin)

what causes adipose cells to catabolize fat

lipotropinsw

what acts as an analgesic produced during times of stress and exercise

beta endorphins

glycoprotein hormones that promote growth and function of gonads

gonadotropins

what actively transports iodine inside and secretes thyroglobulin into the follicle lumen

follicular cells

what do parafollicular cells secrete

calcitonin

what does calcitonin do

decrease calcium levels in body fluids when elevated

what produces thyroid formones

follicular cells

what do thyroid hormones require

iodine and tyrosine

primary target tissue of calcitonin and what it does to the target tissue

bone; decrease osteoclast activity, lengthen osteoblast lifespan, and increase bone deposition

what inhibits parathyroid hormone

calcitonin

function of PTH

increase calcium

what produces mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

zona glomerulosa

what produces adrenal androgens

zona reticularisw

what produces glucocorticoids (cortisol)

zona fasciculata

what does the adrenal medulla produce

epinephrine and norepinephrine

what do alpha adrenergic receptors do to calcium, potassium, and camp synthesis

release ca, open k channels, and decreases camp synthesis

what do beta adrenergic receptors do

increase camp synthesis

do adrenal medulla hormones have long or short lived hormones

short

what hormone of the adrenal cortex does increases bp

aldosterone

metabolic response to cortisol

lipid breakdown; increase glucose and glycogen in cells; decrease glucose and amino acid uptake in skeletal muscle

does cortisol increase or decrease inflammation

decrease

are hormones in the adrenal medulla lipid or water soluble

watera

re hormones in the adrenal cortex lipid or water soluble

lipid

what cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon

alpha cells

what cells secrete insulin

beta cells in the pancreas

what do delta cells in the pancreas secrete

somatostatin

what promotes the release of glucose from intracellular stores; increases blood sugar

glucagon

what does the pineal gland secrete

melatonin and arginine vasotocin