Chapter 7: Balancing Chemical Equations

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to balancing chemical equations and types of chemical reactions as outlined in Chapter 7.

Hydrochloric acid

HCl, an acid formed from hydrogen and chlorine.

Hydrocyanic acid

HCN, an acid formed from hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen.

Nitric acid

HNO3, an acid that contains nitrogen.

Chloric acid

HClO3, an acid derived from chlorine.

Nitrous acid

HNO2, an acid that contains nitrogen in a lower oxidation state.

Sulfuric acid

H2SO4, a strong acid commonly used in various chemical processes.

Phosphoric acid

H3PO4, a mineral acid used in fertilizers and food flavoring.

Chemical Reaction

A process where reactants are transformed into different products.

Law of Conservation of Mass

States that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Synthesis Reaction

A type of reaction where two or more reactants combine to form one product.

Decomposition Reaction

A type of reaction where one reactant breaks down into two or more products.

Combustion Reaction

A type of reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.

Theoretical Yield

The maximum amount of product that can be formed from given reactants.

Actual Yield

The amount of product actually obtained from a chemical reaction.

Percent Yield

A measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, calculated as (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%.