Exam 1 Review- Lifespan Motor Development

Which of the following is a component of the definition of development

a and b

development is a continuous process, development is related to (bu not dependent on age)

which example BEST represents motor development rather than motor learning

increased height and limb length during puberty affecting coordination

which of the following best describes the Newell’s model of constraints

dynamic

which scenario demonstrates a functional individual constraint according to Newell’s model

fear of failure

physical growth and maturation are an example of which type of constraint of Newell’s model

structural

according to Newell’s model, a constraint refers as

a,b and c

limits or permits movement, discourages or encourages movement, can positive or negative

Research participants are asked to throw darts to a target to measure accuracy. The participants throw from three distances : 5 feet, 10 feet and 15 feet. The distance of the throw is an example of what kind of constraint?

task

Which of the following is an example of a functional constraint?

attentional focus

A child rises a smaller bicycle because the size better matches their leg length and strength. This example BEST illustrates

Rate limiter

The temperature is an example of this type of constraint

environmental

Environmental constraints are changed when an individual’s body grows and maturity, leading to further development of the skeletal, muscular and nervous systems

False

Growth tends to proceed in what directions

a and b

proximodistal, cephalocaudal

Which comparison BEST distinguishes chronological age from physiological age?

chronological age reflects years lived; physiological age reflects functional capacity

which terms refers to quantitative increases in body size or magnitude

growth

which of the following is the fastest growing in infancy and childhoos

legs

which correctly matches early locomotor behaviors with their descriptions

creeping- torso elevated; crawling- torso on floow

adult men and adult women tend to have different shoulder to hip breadth proportions. Why does this occur

boys increase in shoulder breadth during the growth spurt

which infant movement type is characterized by involuntary responses to specific stimuli and supports early survival

reflexive movement

the decrease in height that can occur in older adulthood results mainly from change in what body area?

spine

Peak height velocity and peak weight velocity occur at the same age in both boys and girls

false

girls begin their adolescent growth spurt approximately 2 years before boys begin their adolescent growth spurt on the average

true

a 7 year old experiencing puberty related changes would MOST likely be classified as experiencing

precocious puberty

maturity can accurately inferred from age and size

falsew

which of the following best relates to the infant’s involuntarily movement?

reflexive

which of the following is most related to the response with the Babinski reflex

toe extension

You are working in a child development center. You notice that one of your kids, an 18 month old girl, seems to be exhibiting the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. Is this a concern?

Yes. She should not have this reflex at 18 months

a toddler begins walking without formal instruction. a maturational theorist would MOST likely attribute this to

neurological readiness

A researcher who explains the onset of a new motor skill as the reinforcement of stimulus response bonds uses which of the following theoretical perspectives?

information processing perspective

A coach uses repeated demonstrations, augmented feedback and video replay to teach swimming technique. This approach BEST reflects which perspective?

Information processing

If a parent or teacher believes an infant cannot walk before the step reflex disappears, then she follows which theoretical viewpoint

maturational perspective

Bandura’s social learning theory emphasizes that children acquire motor skills primarily through

observation and modeling

which statement is a limitation of the maturational perspective

underestimates the role of practice and training

If you follow the ecological perspective, you believe that

behaviors emerge as a result of holistic development

Someone who tries to relate the onset of a new motor skill with the nervous system, skeletal system, or muscular system has which theoretical perspective?

maturational perspective

If a researcher says that walking emerges from the individual, her surroundings and the goal she is trying to achieve rather than is driven by a genetic prescription, the researcher would most likely agree with what theory?

ecological perspective

You follow the information processing theory of development. You are teaching your preschool class locomotor skills, and a smaller boy is having difficulty skipping. Based on your theoretical perspective, what should you do?

increase the amount of time he practices the skill and reward good skips

According to the ecological perspective, the most important factor in the motor development of an infant is physical growth.

false

The ecological perspective approach and the maturational perspective are often in agreement with each other regarding topics in motor development

false

The maturational perspective explains developmental change as a function of maturational processes, in particular through the development of the

central nervous system

According to a proponent of the maturational perspective, explained maturation as a process controlled by _____ rather than _____ factors

internal; external

The ecological perspective emphasizes the ______ between the individual, the environment, and the task

a, b and c

interaction, interrelatedness, interrelationships

Regarding the prenatal period and development, which of the following statements is true?

genetic factors and extrinsic factors individually influence and interact to influence development

What are the three changes in motor skills

Explain two different concepts of aging

What consists of Newell’s Model of constraints? Provide an example of each constraint

Discuss Maturation perspective. How would a maturational theorist explain Child riding a bike?

What are the two main human nervous system

What consists of spinal cord

Discuss Information processing perspective. How would an information processing theorist explain child swimming?

Discuss Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

Discuss ecological perspective. How would an ecological theorist explain child riding a bike?

Explain at least three characteristics of infant’s physical development patterns

Explain the pattern of cephalocaudal and proximodistal

Explain why reflex is critical for infants and provide at least two examples

Discuss why child obese is more dangerous than adult obese

Explain infant’s spontaneous movements and why this is important

Explain the sigmoid pattern

Explain the concept of sarcopenia