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speed
=distance/time
average speed
= total distance/ total time
velocity
speed in a particular direction
acceleration
change in velocity/ time taken
how do you calculate distance travelled using a velocity- time graph
are under the line of the graph is distance travelled
force
a push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object
force examples
weight, friction, air resistance, drag force
effects of balanced forces on an object
its speed will not change
effects of unbalanced forces on an object
its speed or direction will change
resultant force
sum of all forces acting on an object
Newtons first law
an object remains in a state of rest/ uniform motion unless acted on by an external force
newtons 2nd law
acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the force applied
resultant Force =
mass x acceleration (f=ma)
air resistance
frictional forces of the air particles against a moving object
terminal velocity
when the air resistance equals the weight of the object, so the resultant force is zero
moment =
force x perpendicular distance from pivot
principle of moments
if an object is balanced, total clockwise moment about the pivot = total anticlockwise moment about the pivot
solid pressure=
force(N)/ area (m²)
Pa means
one n/m²
liquid pressure=
density x gravitational field strength x depth
liquid pressure (abbreviated equation)=
ρgh
because liquids are incompressible…..
they transmit changes in pressure throughout them equally
wave (2 bullet points)
one way in which energy may be transferred between stores
transverse or longitudinal
transverse waves (2 bullet)
the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
light
longitudinal waves (2 bullet points)
the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer
eg sound
amplitude
up or down
wavelength
left/ across
frequency equations
f=1/t
f=v/λ (wavespeed/ wavelength)
tera
10^12
giga
10^9
mega
10^6
kilo
10³
centi
10^-2
milli
10^-3
micro
10^-6
nano
10^-3
avg walking speed
1.5 m/s
avg running speed
3 m/s
avg cycling speed
6 m/s
avg car speed
15 m/s
acceleration definition
rate of change of velocity
weight
force due to gravity acting on mass
Note
Flashcard