chapter 5 review questions

scholarship indicated that there have been how many waves of democratization in the world since 1825?

three

when the elected president of chile, salvador allende, was overthrown and replaced by a dictator, general augusto pinochet, it was an example of

regime change

which of the following best characterizes the historical trends with respect to regime change in the world?

regime change has generally proceeded in waves in which countries transition to democratic states, often followed by a reverse wave in which states collapse back into non-democratic regime

________ reflects the level of citizens’ active participation in public affairs

civic engagement

why is using civic culture to explain regime change problematic?

the sheer number of organizations and the density of their memberships do not accurately measure a society’s degree of civic engagement

which of the following statements accurately reflects the core premise of modernization theory?

democratization is a product of the cultural changes that accompany economic development in a state

the spread of political, cultural, and economic dynamics beyond the borders of any single country is known as _______

globalization

in which of the following countries would we most expect to see democratic regime change occur?

a country with a strong middle class and high levels of political equality

what distinguishes the third wave of democratization from the first wave of democratization in global politics?

the third wave of democratization was fueled largely by global political dynamics influencing the balance of political power within states

what did the transitions to democracy in argentina, brazil, chile, and paraguay in the 1980s have in common?

they were all under similar international pressures to democratize, but each regime collapsed due to a different short-term factor

drawing on the titanic analogy presented in the text, which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between short-term factors and regime change?

they are the iceberg that sinks the ship

why might democratic regimes be less susceptible to collapse in periods of short-term crisis than are non-democratic regimes

the established pattern of rotating leaders and regular elections makes democratic regimes less brittle and rigid than non-democratic regimes, which provides a safety valve against citizen mobilization

a country that has voting and elections but regularly suppresses political opposition and individual rights is best known as what type of democracy?

illiberal

in which of the following ways have the united states and the european union (eu) contributed to an international climate that has encouraged backsliding into illiberal democracies?

the united states and the eu have generally supported democratic governments but have done so in a way that advances their own interests and is incredibly inconsistent

how does the case of venezuela demonstrate the paradox of illiberal democracies

its leaders were elected and quite popular with citizens, but they have subtly and gradually changed the political rules to weaken political contestation without eliminating it