world history final exam

The event that challenged the authority of king George III

The Boston tea party

Why the battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the AR

It was a major victory that boosted their morale and led to international support

Which enlightenment thinker most directly influenced the ideas expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke

The policy of laissez faire that the physiocrats and Adam smith promoted was a reaction against which economic system?

Mercantilism

What was the main reason the putting-out system gave way to the factory system in the British textile industry?

It allowed more cloth to be produced at a lower cost

Which economic system led to the highest degree of government control over economic decisions?

Command economy

An example of impressionist painting style

Claude monet’s impression, sunrise

how did enclosures contribute to the development of the Industrial Revolution?

Creating a massive urban labor force

What was one of Great Britain’s primary contributions to industrialism?

Pioneering the factory system and key technologies like the STEAM ENGINE

How did James Watt’s steam technology contribute to the industrial revolution?

Making steam power, efficient enabling new transportation, and allowing factories to move from rivers to cities

What was one long-term benefit of the industrial revolution?

Improvement in Overall living standards

How did Adam Smith define the free market economic system?

a simple system of natural liberty

socialism is based on the belief that?

Society should collectively own and control the means of production

What development helped improve working conditions in many minds and factories during the late 1800s?

The development of growth and labor unions

How did realism affect the culture of the industrial age?

By reflecting the harsh realities of modern life, poverty, inequality, urban squalor in the struggles of the working class challenged idealized romanticism

What idea most shaped middle class home life during the later industrial revolution

The court of domesticity

Why were the theories of Charles Darwin controversial?

They challenge religious creation stories

What did liberalism support?

Individual freedom, equality, and rights

What did liberalism oppose?

Systems and ideologies that restrict individual liberty autonomy, and inequality

How did the Dreyfus affair reflect European society?

It Revealed antisemitism

Why was the abolishment of the corn laws by Parliament considered a victory for liberalism?

A champion free trade (laissez-faire), ended harmful mercantilism protectionism, lower food cost for work in class, empowered industrial list over land owners and showed the power of public pressure groups to drive policy

How did the 14th amendment apply to former enslaved people?

Granted them US citizenship overriding the Dred Scott decision and guaranteed equal protection

During the late 1800s liberals and conservatives disagreed mainly over?

The extent of government power

Why did most of the uprisings fall in 1848

Revolutionary disunity, lack of military power, reliance on middle class support, in the monarchy’s renewed strength

Patient slaves rose up in the revolt in 1791 after being inspired by whom?

The French revolutions, ideals of liberty, quality, and fraternity

How did conditions in Spanish America conflict with the ideals of the enlightenment

Creole did not enjoy quality with Peninsulares

What was Bismarck‘s message in his blood and iron speech?

The unification of Germany would be achieved not through literal diplomacy or parliament to debate, but through military power and war

What was Chancellor Otto von Bismarck’s main goal?

Signify the German states under Persian leadership

One example of cavour’s helping the cause of Italian unification

His Strategic alliance with France to provoke a war with Austria

Why did conflict in Italy continue even after unification

There were still many regional differences

What did the great reform act of 1832 do?

Modernized Britain’s electoral system by red distributing Parliamentary seats from depopulated rotten boroughs to new industrial cities

What best describes the reign of Queen Victoria

She embraced her strict code of morals and manners that came to embody the values of the time Period.

What did William Wilberforce do as a British politician?

Leading the parliamentary campaign to abolish the slave trade, culminating in the slave trade act of 1807 And pushing for emancipation

The government during the third republic were unstable because?

Coalition of governing political parties fell apart

What was the main goal of the Zionist movement?

to establish a legally recognized self governing homeland for the Jewish people in their ancestral land of Palestine

Problems workers faced during the late 1800s and early 1900s in United States

Low wages, long hours, unsafe environment with dangerous machines, child labor, no compensation for injury, repetitive tasks, poor housing, in heavy discrimination

Tsar Alexander II declared that explain “it is better to abolish serfdom from above then to wait until it will be abolished by a movement from below”

it is better for his government to take measures and abolish serfdom while on power than wait for serfs to take over And revolt

How did a policy such as Russification lead to increase to nationalism

it prompts people to fight for their own cultural and national identity

A main economic cause of the new imperialism of the 19th century was

The need for raw materials for industrial production

What military advantages helped western nations dominate much of the world in the late 1800s?

Maxim machine guns, repeating rifles and steam driven warships

How did westerners justify their right to rule over other people?

They believed that western culture was superior to others

How did western imperialism affect the culture of the colonies?

Colonized people were encouraged to adopt Christianity and European culture, and local traditions weakened

Under which type of imperial rule would westerners run the government within the colony?

Direct rule

Why did European leaders hold the Berlin conference?

To prevent European nations from going to war over Africa

What was the immediate cause of the uprising of 1857?

The introduction of new enfield rifle cartridges

The opium war was signified for Britain because it led to what?

Increased power and trading rights in china

How was the tailing rebellion different from the boxer uprising?

It targeted the Qing dynasty while the boxer rebellion targeted foreigners

How did foreign powers come to dominate Chinese trade?

Through military force, starting with opium wars

Sun yixian based his reform efforts on what three principles?

Nationalism, democracy, and economic security

How did the Meiji restoration affect the social system in Japan?

Rapid industrialization, modernization, and changes in government and society

How was Siam different from the other nations of Southeast Asia?

It remained independent because it negotiated unequal treaties with Europeans

The Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe doctrine started that the United States

Stating the United States will act as an international police power in the western hemisphere and intervene to prevent intervention by other powers

David Livingstone

Scottish missionary, explorer, and abolitionist and mapped unknown regions of Africa

Samori Touré

Established a Muslim empire in Western Africa

Ram Roy

Spreading religious and social reforms in India, calling for abolition of sati and remarriage of widows

Mutsuhito

Japanese emperor

Why was the building of the Suez Canal significant?

It created the shortest maritime route between Europe and Asia

What did the United States gain after defeating Spain in the Spanish-American war?

New territories