Abrahamic Religions
Islam, Judaism, Christianity
Abraham
The first (original) profit of Islam, Judaism, Christianity
Polytheism
Religion that believes in more than one god
Monotheism
Religion that believes in one god
Islam
Religion that Muslims follow
Muhammad
Last great prophet of Islam
Allah
The god of the Islamic religion
Muslim
The followers of the Islamic religion
Mosque
Islamic place of worship
Imam
Spiritual leader in Islam
Kaaba
The center of Islam's most important mosque in Mecca
Mecca
The holy city in islam
Medina
City of the profit in honor of Muhammad's life and death there
5 pillars of Islam
Obligatory practices of worship for muslims
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Caliph
Leader of the Islamic community (umma)
Successor
Leader of the faith and empire
Abu bakr
Suni supported Caliph was the successor of muhammad
Ali
Shia supported successor did not win the position but was appointed as the 4th caliph
Suni
Believes the caliph does not need to be related to muhammad but needs to hold his ideals
Shia
Believes the caliph should be related to muhammad
Misconceptions
Not all muslims believe in terrorist groups
Not all Sharia law is meant to be opressive
Sharia
A system of laws that regulates family life, moral, and business life.
Jihad
Means struggling Muslims use jihad to describe different types of struggles
Jihad 1
Holy war: The struggle to defend islam, with force if necessary
Jihad 2
Inner- Struggle intrapersonally for self improvement
5 Pillars of Islam
Allah, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Pilgrimage
Anti-Semitism
Prejudice towards Jewish people
Blood Libel
The false crime Jewish people were accused of kidnapping Christian children and drinking their blood.
Black Plague
Jewish people were blamed for the black plague and said to have poisined the well water.
Russian Pogroms
Large scale Russian sponsored anti-Jewish riots that lead to Jewish people fleeing Russia.
Ottoman Empire
Empire mostly controlled by turks that had control over most of southeast europe, western asia, and northern africa from 1807-1924
Nickname of the ottoman empire
The sick man of europe
What made the Ottoman empire fall?
During world war 1 the ottomans sided with Germany and when they lost post war treaties tore them apart until the Empire was gone.
Zionism
The creation of a Jewish homeland in the holy land
Why was a Jewish Homeland Necessary?
Historic claim so they could return to their holy homeland. And protection.
Theodor Herzel
He was a hungarian Jew who experienced anti-semitism. So he came up with the idea to create a Jewish state and shared these ideas in Basel Switzerland. HE STARTED THE ZIONIST MOVEMENT.
Pan-Arabism
A political movement that consists of arab countries. They have similar ideals to arab nationalists.
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Secret agreement between France and Britain which equally split the ottoman empire into their control.
Hussein-McMahon Letters
A series of letters where britain said they would recognize arab independence in a large region after the war.
Balfour Declaration
A public statement from Britain during ww1 that stated they supported establishing a national home for the jews in palestine.
Holocaust
Historical event where Jews were innocently murdered and heavily discriminated against.
UN Resolution 181
UN approved plan to partition British Palestine in to two separate states. One for Jews: Israel and one for Arabs: Palestine
Israel; UN Resolution 181
Accepted the terms of the resolution
Palestine; UN Resolution 181
Did not accepted the UN’s plan and fought against leaving the areas for Israel.
Abdel Nasser
An Egyptian leader who wanted to take control under the suez canal since it was under british control.
Suez Canal Crisis
Egypt took back the suez canal and even though Israel, England and France all reacted they were forced to give it back to them due to international Pressure.
Sinai Peninsula
Israel gains control in 6 days war
Six days war
Egypt was prepared to attack Israel by the gulf of aquaba. Israel struck their airfields and took down their air war before Egypt could attack. They fought for 6 days.
Golan Heights
Israel gains control in 6 days war
West Bank
Israel gains control in 6 days war
Gaza Strip
Israel gains control in 6 days war
PLO
A variety of palestinian factions form the Palestime Liberation Organization to try and get their country back and illiminate Israel.
Arafat
Chairman of the PLO, calls for ilimination of Israel, and gains support by offering refugees help.