Islam

Abrahamic Religions

Islam, Judaism, Christianity

Abraham

The first (original) profit of Islam, Judaism, Christianity

Polytheism

Religion that believes in more than one god

Monotheism

Religion that believes in one god

Islam

Religion that Muslims follow

Muhammad

Last great prophet of Islam

Allah

The god of the Islamic religion

Muslim

The followers of the Islamic religion

Mosque

Islamic place of worship

Imam

Spiritual leader in Islam

Kaaba

The center of Islam's most important mosque in Mecca

Mecca

The holy city in islam

Medina

City of the profit in honor of Muhammad's life and death there

5 pillars of Islam

Obligatory practices of worship for muslims

Hajj

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Caliph

Leader of the Islamic community (umma)

• Successor

• Leader of the faith and empire

Abu bakr

Suni supported Caliph was the successor of muhammad

Ali

Shia supported successor did not win the position but was appointed as the 4th caliph

Suni

Believes the caliph does not need to be related to muhammad but needs to hold his ideals

Shia

Believes the caliph should be related to muhammad

Misconceptions

• Not all muslims believe in terrorist groups

• Not all Sharia law is meant to be opressive

Sharia

A system of laws that regulates family life, moral, and business life.

Jihad

Means struggling
Muslims use jihad to describe different types of struggles

Jihad 1

Holy war: The struggle to defend islam, with force if necessary

Jihad 2

Inner- Struggle intrapersonally for self improvement

5 Pillars of Islam

Allah, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Pilgrimage

Anti-Semitism

Prejudice towards Jewish people

Blood Libel

The false crime Jewish people were accused of kidnapping Christian children and drinking their blood.

Black Plague

Jewish people were blamed for the black plague and said to have poisined the well water.

Russian Pogroms

Large scale Russian sponsored anti-Jewish riots that lead to Jewish people fleeing Russia.

Ottoman Empire

Empire mostly controlled by turks that had control over most of southeast europe, western asia, and northern africa from 1807-1924

Nickname of the ottoman empire

The sick man of europe

What made the Ottoman empire fall?

During world war 1 the ottomans sided with Germany and when they lost post war treaties tore them apart until the Empire was gone.

Zionism

The creation of a Jewish homeland in the holy land

Why was a Jewish Homeland Necessary?

Historic claim so they could return to their holy homeland. And protection.

Theodor Herzel

He was a hungarian Jew who experienced anti-semitism. So he came up with the idea to create a Jewish state and shared these ideas in Basel Switzerland. HE STARTED THE ZIONIST MOVEMENT.

Pan-Arabism

A political movement that consists of arab countries. They have similar ideals to arab nationalists.

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Secret agreement between France and Britain which equally split the ottoman empire into their control.

Hussein-McMahon Letters

A series of letters where britain said they would recognize arab independence in a large region after the war.

Balfour Declaration

A public statement from Britain during ww1 that stated they supported establishing a national home for the jews in palestine.

Holocaust

Historical event where Jews were innocently murdered and heavily discriminated against.

UN Resolution 181

UN approved plan to partition British Palestine in to two separate states. One for Jews: Israel and one for Arabs: Palestine

Israel; UN Resolution 181

Accepted the terms of the resolution

Palestine; UN Resolution 181

Did not accepted the UN’s plan and fought against leaving the areas for Israel.

Abdel Nasser

An Egyptian leader who wanted to take control under the suez canal since it was under british control.

Suez Canal Crisis

Egypt took back the suez canal and even though Israel, England and France all reacted they were forced to give it back to them due to international Pressure.

Sinai Peninsula

Israel gains control in 6 days war

Six days war

Egypt was prepared to attack Israel by the gulf of aquaba. Israel struck their airfields and took down their air war before Egypt could attack. They fought for 6 days.

Golan Heights

Israel gains control in 6 days war

West Bank

Israel gains control in 6 days war

Gaza Strip

Israel gains control in 6 days war

PLO

A variety of palestinian factions form the Palestime Liberation Organization to try and get their country back and illiminate Israel.

Arafat

Chairman of the PLO, calls for ilimination of Israel, and gains support by offering refugees help.