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variation, inheritance and evolution topic key words and definitions
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inherited variation
due to genetic information inherited from parents- genes
environmental variation
due to the environment
continuous variation
where differences between living things are grouped into categories and given a name/ label
discontinuous variation
where difference between living things are given a numerical/ number valueg
gene
a section of dna which determines a characteristic
how many chromosomes are in a cell
46
how many chromosomes are in a egg/ sperm cell
23
what is a different version of a gene
allele
how old is the earth
4.5 billion
survival of the fittest
the idea that only the strong can survive and breed
population
group of organisms of the same kind living in the same place
natural selection
theory that animals and plants living today descended from species that existed in the past
extinct
when no more individuals of a species remain
biodiversity
the variety of living things. it is measured as the differences between individuals of the same species or the number of different species in an ecosystem
competition
when two or more living things struggle against each other to get the same resource
evolution
process by which species change over time in response to environmental changes and competition for rescources
what are the 4 causes of extinction
destruction of habitat, predators, disease, mutations
what are changes in genes called
mutations