PPC V2 Prelim

*Culture*

a way of living, covering a broad range of aspects from traditions, values, and beliefs, to behaviors, daily tasks, rituals, social norms, and rules.

*Social Cliques*

Groups with shared hobbies, conversations, and norms within a society.

*Culture (Matthew Arnold, 1869)*

"The best that has been thought and said in the world."

*High Culture*

A culture associated with intellectual discourse, high-brow comedy, and elaborate literature.

*Folk Culture*

A culture shared first in a specific group before being disseminated to the general population.

**Folk

refers to traditions, music, and practices unique to a group, rooted in the Old Norse-English-German term for a small group or army.

*Popular Culture*

Also called mass or mainstream culture, it is the collection of traditions and material culture of a society.

*Mass/Mainstream Culture*

Another term for popular culture, referring to widely available cultural products.

*Low Culture*

A term used to contrast the sophistication of high culture, often applied to popular culture.

*Entertainment*

Includes television, film, music, and literature, along with celebrities and artists.

*Sports*

Includes both traditional and electronic sports (eSports).

*News*

Involves events that shape public opinion, whether intentional or accidental.

*Politics*

Encompasses politics-related figures and events.

*Technology*

Covers new media, social media, gadgets, video games, and internet culture.

*Subsets of Culture*

The three subsets are subculture, counterculture, and co-culture.

*Subculture*

A particular culture contained within a larger culture (parent culture).

*Counterculture*

A cultural movement that opposes established norms and breaks away from its parent culture.

*Co-Culture*

A subculture in which individuals affiliate themselves while interacting within a parent culture.

*Hippie Culture*

A 1960s counterculture that promoted peace, sexual liberation, and recreational drug use.

*Punk Culture*

A counterculture that opposes pop music and authority, reflected in its non-conforming fashion and attitude.

*Wedding Ceremonies*

Solemn rites dedicated for two humans to form a pact under the providence of their preferred deity, a milestone in early popular culture.

*Renaissance Music*

Western music that evolved as composers began to commit their music to paper, allowing it to be shared.

*Fashion Boom*

Aristocrats and royalty began wearing clothes beyond functionality, influencing the working class to emulate them.

*William Shakespeare*

A "superstar" of popular culture whose works bridged fine art and popular art.

*Suez Canal*

Allowed the Philippines access to Western popular culture, including novels, knowledge, and music.

*Industrial Age*

A period where technology made cultural aesthetics more accessible, integrating folk and high culture into popular culture.

*José Nepomuceno*

The Father of Philippine Cinema, who directed the first original Filipino film, Dalagang Bukid.

*American Dream*

The Americanization of Filipinos, introducing radio, film, and sports like basketball.

*World War II*

A period that led to the Philippines' independence and the flourishing of its pop culture.

*Post-WWII Pop Culture*

The rise of Filipino entertainment, including television, love teams, and Original Pilipino Music (OPM).

*Digital Age*

The era marked by the Internet's evolution into a necessity, leading to rapid globalization and the Hallyu Wave.