Chapter 7: Nervous System & Special Senses

Cerebrum means

brain

The term "psychology" literally means:

the process or procedure of the science or study of the mind

What kind of seizure has contractions that usually start in a group of muscles on one side of the body and spread to the extremities and the whole body?

Jacksonian

The structure that conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain and serves as a reflex center for some sensory information without input from the brain is the:

spinal cord

The three-layered membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord and literally means membrane is called the:

meninges

The cord-like structures that carry bio-electrical impulses from one part of the body to another are called:

nerves

The term that means spinal cord inflammation is:

myel/itis

The combining form en/cephal/o- refers to the:

brain

The combining form phren/o- means:

mind

What is a temporary or permanent loss of sensation, loss of ability to move, or inability to control movement?

palsy

What is the yellow spot in the retina lateral to the optic nerve?

macula

The term "depression" derives from the Latin word deprimere, meaning:

to press down

The prefixes hemi- and semi- mean:

half

The prefixes quadri- and tetra- mean:

four

The word part Mater- means:

mother

The word part Duro- means:

hard

The diagnostic term for inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord is:

polio/myel/itis

The diagnostic term En/cephal/itis actually means:

inflammation of the brain

The diagnostic term that means tumor made up of nerve cells is:

neur/oma

The word part Pia- means:

gentle

The word part Cerebro- means:

brain

The diagnostic term for a disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness is:

Alzheimer's Disease

The word part Myelo- means:

spinal cord

The interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by a cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, or cerebral hemorrhage is called:

Apoplexy

The word part Fiss- means:

divide, split

the word part Gilo- means:

glue

Which of these is not a sign of brain concussion?

increased appetite

The diagnostic term for a condition characterized by brain damage and lack of muscle control and partial paralysis:

Cerebral Palsy

Herpes in Greek means:

to creep

With mumps, often there is inflammation of the tear gland, or:

Dacryoadenitis

The word part Oto- means:

ear and hearing

_____________ is a pathologic condition where the retina becomes partially or completely separated from the choroid portion of the eye or vascular layer.

Retinal detachment

The word part Neuro- means:

nerve

The medical term that means the same as Quadri/plegia is:

tetra/plegia

Which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster A?

paranoid personality disorder

What type of epilepsy is caused by trauma to the brain?

traumatic

What is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord?

Meningitis

The medical term cephalo/dynia means:

pain in the head

Which mental disorder involves manic periods and depressive episodes?

Bipolar Disorder

The medical term quadri/plegia means:

paralysis of all four limbs

Which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster B?

antisocial personality disorder

Which of the following is not a personality disorder in cluster C?

histrionic personality disorder

The medical abbreviations CNS, PNS, and ANS refer to divisions of the:

nervous system

The Cranial Nerves are string-like groups of nerves coming off of the:

brain and brain stem

The medical term Psych/iatr/y literally means:

the procedure or process of treating or curing the mind

Personality disorders are grouped into ___________ types of clusters.

three

A patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease is characterized by:

pre-senile dementia

Lou Gehrig's disease is also known as

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

What do forensic psychiatrists specialize in?

sanity during crimes

The medical term Concussion means:

to shake violently

The medical term Epi/lepsy means:

seizure upon the mind and body

The medical term Hemat/oma means:

blood swelling or tumor

The medical term Opistho/tonos means:

tension that bends head backward

__________________ is caused by foreign bodies or pathogenic organisms that cause inflammation and petechial hemorrhages.

conjunctivitis

Psychotherapy is the process of

treating the mind with nonphysical therapies

The term Con/juctiv/itis literally means together/joined/inflamed. It actually means:

inflammation of the membrane that covers the eyeball and the eyelid

The medical term Glauc/oma actually means:

Waterfall, Cloudy, or Gray Vision

The medical term Kerat/itis actually means:

inflammation of the eye's cornea

The medical term Opto/metr/ist literally means:

specialist in measuring sight

Miotic eye drops cause the eye's pupil to

constrict

The E Eye Chart is used to measure

visual acuity

The medical term "Myopic" actually means:

nearsighted

The medical term Tetanus usually refers to:

muscle spasms

The Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducens Nerves all innervate the eye and are referred to as Cranial Nerves:

2, 3, 4, and 6

Mydriatic drops _________ the pupils.

dilate

The medical term Cerebral Palsy is characterized by:

partial or complete paralysis caused by a brain injury

The medical term Para/noia literally refers to a behavior that is out of touch with reality or:

abnormal thinking or reasoning

The term Schizo/phrenia actually refers to a type of Psych/osis that is also characterized by:

thought deterioration and lack of social functioning

The diagnostic medical term Multiple Sclerosis refers to

deterioration or loss of the myelin sheath nerve body covering

Parkinson's disease causes body tremors (shaking), weak speech, shuffling of feet, and depression. Other patients may experience:

voice loss, sphincter problems, falls, and paralysis

The medical term Myring/itis actually means:

inflammation of the eardrum

Otitis media is an inflammation of

the middle ear

The medical terms Palpebr/itis and Blepharo/ptosis refer to:

eyelid inflammation and eyelid drooping

What is paralysis on the opposite half of the body from where brain damaged occurs?

hemiplegia

The medical term Trach/oma refers to a chlamydial infection causing:

rough swollen eye lesions

The outer hard layer of the eye (white of eye) is the:

sclera

The eye structure that lies directly behind the pupil and iris is the:

lens

The tear glands that lubricate and protect the eye are called:

lacrimal glands

The small organs that produce and drain tears from the eye are the:

lacrimal glands and ducts

The mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids and eyeball globe is the:

conjunctiva

The nerve in the eye that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain is the:

optic

The diagnostic term Blephar/itis means

inflammation of the eyelid

What is caused by a staphylococcus infection of the eyelid and sebaceous gland?

stye

What is an inflammation of the tear sac?

dacryosystitis

The _______________ is made up of a vascular coat and the rods and cones that help interpret light and colors.

retina

The diagnostic term Cataract actually means

clouding of the lens of the eye

The diagnostic term "hyperopia" means

farsightedness

What is the pathologic condition where the retina becomes separated from the choroid layer?

Retinal Detachment

What is the disorder of the eye in which the optic axis cannot be directed at the same object?

strabismus

What covers the inner surface of the ciliary process?

pars ciliaris

____________ is devoid of rods and cones and hence is referred to as the blind spot.

optic nerve

Which of the following can be diagnosed by looking at the retina?

diabetes

______________ is a defect in the vision in which the rays focus behind the retina due to the flattened eye globe, a flattened cornea or some other type of refractive error.

Hyperopia

Pterygium literally means

wing

The combining forms acous- and audi/o- both mean:

hearing

The ____________ deals with hearing, and the ______________ deals with balance.

cochlea; labyrinth

The medical term for a fungal infection of the ear is:

otomycosis

The diagnostic term ot/algia means:

pain in the ear

The medical term that means a specialist who studies and treats the diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, and throat is:

Otorhinolaryngologist

The term that means one who studies and treats disease of the ear is:

Otologist