brain tumor flashcards

What are the two main categories of brain tumors?

Adult and childhood tumors

Name three common adult brain tumors.

Glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendroglioma, meningioma

Name three common childhood brain tumors.

Pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma

What adult brain tumor is highly malignant and crosses the corpus callosum?

Glioblastoma multiforme

What histology finding is seen in glioblastoma multiforme?

Pseudopalisading cells

Which marker is positive in glioblastoma multiforme?

GFAP

What tumor shows a “butterfly appearance” on imaging?

Glioblastoma multiforme

Which tumor shows chicken-wire capillaries and fried egg cells?

Oligodendroglioma

What adult tumor often has calcifications?

Oligodendroglioma

Which brain tumor arises from the arachnoid and is benign?

Meningioma

What two histology features are seen in meningioma?

Psammoma bodies and spindle cells

Which tumor is associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome?

Hemangioblastoma

What brain tumor produces EPO and can cause polycythemia?

Hemangioblastoma

What is the origin of hemangioblastoma?

Blood vessels

What is the most common type of pituitary adenoma?

Prolactinoma

What symptoms does prolactinoma cause in women?

Galactorrhea and amenorrhea

What symptoms does prolactinoma cause in men?

Gynecomastia and decreased libido

Which pituitary adenoma subtype produces GH?

Somatotroph adenoma

What vision defect is caused by nonfunctional pituitary adenomas?

Bitemporal hemianopia

What nerve tumor occurs at the cerebellopontine angle?

Schwannoma

Which cranial nerves are affected by schwannoma?

CN VII (facial) and CN VIII (vestibulocochlear)

What condition is bilateral schwannoma associated with?

Neurofibromatosis type II

What marker is positive in schwannoma?

S-100

Which childhood tumor shows Rosenthal fibers and is GFAP positive?

Pilocytic astrocytoma

Which childhood tumor shows Homer-Wright rosettes?

Medulloblastoma

Which childhood tumor shows perivascular pseudorosettes?

Ependymoma

Which tumor arises from Rathke’s pouch remnants?

Craniopharyngioma

Which tumor causes Parinaud syndrome?

Pinealoma