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Articulating Surfaces for the 2nd-5th CMC joint
Distal row of carpal bones → Bases of the metacarpal bones
Type of Joint and Movements in the 2nd-4th CMC jt
Flexion-Extension (1DoF)
True/False: The 2nd and 3rd CMC joints are immobile
True
Most flexible joint in the hand
5th CMC; Saddle joint
Movements available in the 5th CMC joint
Flexion-extension
Abduction-Adduction
(2 DOF), with limited opposition
Least Mobile; Central Pillar of the hand
3rd CMC
Loose packed Position of the 2nd-5th CMC joints
Neutral
Articulating Surfaces of the 1st CMC joint
Between the trapezium to Base of Thumb
Which surface of the 1st CMC joint is convex during flexion-extension
Transverse Diameter/Surface of Trapezium
Arthrokinematics of 1st CMC joint during Abduction-Adduction
convex surface of the thumb metacarpal is moving on the fixed concave diameter of trapezium → Opposite Roll and Slide
Arthrokinematics of 1st CMC joint during Flexion-Extension
concave articular surface of the metacarpal moving across the convex diameter of trapezium → Same Roll and Slide
Plane and Axis of 1st CMC Abduction-Adduction
Sagittal Plane - X axis
Plane and Axis of 1st CMC Flexion-Extension
Frontal Plane - z axis
OPP of 1st CMC
Neutral
CPP of First CMC
Full opposition
Articulating Surfaces of MCP jonits
Heads of the metacarpal ones → Bases of the Proximal Phalanges
OPP of MCP joints
Slight flexion, ulnar deviation
CPP of MCP joints
Full flexion, except 1st is full extension
Arthrokinematics of MCP joints during Flexion-Extension
Same direction roll and slide
Arthrokinematics of MCP joints during Abduction-Adduction
Same direction roll and slide
What type of joints are the MCP joints
Synovial condyloid joints = 2DoF
What type of joints are the IP joints
Synovial uniaxial hinged joints
Articulating surfaces of PIP
Heads of proximal phalanges and bases of middle phalanges
Articulating surfaces of DIP
Heads of middle phalanges and bases of distal phalanges
Articulating Surfaces of Thumb IP joint
Head of proximal phalanx and base of distal phalanx
Arthrokinematics of the IP joints
Concave bases → Convex Heads = Same direction roll and slide
Extrinsic Flexors of the Digits
FDS
FDP
FPL
Extrinsic Flexors of the Finfers
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Indicis
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extrinsic muscles of the thumb
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Intrinsic Thenar Muscles
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Opponens Pollicis
Adductor Pollicis
Intrinsic hypothenar muscles
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi
Opponens Digiti Minimi
Palmaris Brevis
Innervation of the Flexors of the Digits
Median Nerve
Except for FDP to the ring and little finger → ulnar nerve
Innervation of the extensors
radial nerve
Innervation of the Thenar Muscles
Median nerve
Except Adductor Pollicis → Ulnar nerve
Flexor of MCP joint
Lumbricals
These balance stability and mobility in the hand
Three arches of the hand
Which arch of the hand is rigid
Proximal transverse arch
This arch is formed by the distal row of carpal bones
Proximal Transverse Arch
Keystone of the Proximal Transverse Arch
Capitate
The Distal Transverse arch is AKA _________
Metacarpal arch
The distal transverse arch is formed by what part of the metacarpals?
Metacarpal heads
Keystone of the Distal Transverse Arch
2nd and 3rd MCP joint
This arch follows the shape of the 2nd and 4rd rays
Longitudinal arch
Keystone of the longitudinal arch
2nd and 3rd MCP joint
Contents of the Dorsal Compartment
This pulley lies at the head of the metacarpal
A1
This pulley lies at the volar midshaft of the proximal phalanx
A2
This pulley lies at the distal part of the proximal phalanx
A3
This pulley lies centrally on the middle phalanx
A4
This pulley lies at the distal phalanx
A5
Cruciate pulley located between A2 and A3
C1
Pulley between A3 and A4
C2
Pulley between A4 and A5
C3