SAFAVIDS AND OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Who founded the Ottoman Empire?

Osman I

Who founded the Safavid Empire?

Shah Ismail I

Who started the Safavid religious order?

Safi al-Din

At what age did Ismail conquer Persia?

14

What religion did the Safavids make official?

Shi’a

Who captured Constantinople?

Mehmed II

What was converted into a mosque after Constantinople’s capture?

Hagia Sophia

important because it was a church for 200 years before being converted into a mosque

Where was the Ottoman Empire located?

Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa

Where was the Safavid Empire located?

Persia (modern-day Iran)

What was a challenge for the Safavid Empire due to geography?

Diverse terrain made unification difficult

What region did Murad II expand the Ottoman Empire into?

The Balkans & Greece

Who conquered Syria, Palestine, and Egypt for the Ottomans?

Selim I

What battle did the Ottomans defeat the Safavids in 1514?

Battle of Chaldiran

Who led the Ottoman Empire to its peak?

Suleiman I

What system recruited Christian boys into the Ottoman government and army?

The Devshirme system

Who were elite soldiers trained through the Devshirme system?

Janissaries

What were causes of cultural blending in the Safavid Empire?

Migration, trade, conquest, and religious freedom

What cultures blended in the Safavid Empire?

Persian, Turkish, Arabic and chinese

Who was the greatest Safavid ruler?

Shah Abbas I

What city became the Safavid capital under Shah Abbas?

Esfahan (Isfahan)

What industry became important under Shah Abbas?

Carpet weaving

What art style mixed with Persian art during the Safavid Golden Age?

Chinese art style

What was Shah Abbas’s military reform?

He built a loyal slave army

What caused the Safavid Empire’s decline?

Abbas made his sons disabled by blinding/killing them

his most incompetent son, Safi took control and then lead the empire to decline

When did the Safavid Empire collapse?

Around 1736

Shah Tahmasp

expands the empire’s boarders, makes shia the official religion, kills sunnis in the ottoman empire

Selim Grim

Ottoman leader, responds back by killing shias, face off leads to boarder around Iraq and Iran