NEISSERIA AND INTRO TO ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

neisseria spp.

• morphology: G (-) diplococci

• facultative anaerobe

• optimal growth in high CO2

diplococci

morphology of Neisseria

facultative anaerobe

what kind of anaerobe is neisseria?

CO2

neisseria has optimal growth in high _

maltose

Neisseria meningitidis ferments _

glucose

Neisseria meningitidis ferments _

glucose

Neisseria gonorrheae ferments _

Meningitis

disease caused by N. meningitidis

Septicemia

disease caused by N. meningitidis

5%

some N. meningitidis strains may be carriers (around _)

respiratory secretions

N. meningitidis is spread via _

Capsule

• N. meningitidis

• virulence factor

Endotoxin

• N. meningitidis

• virulence factor

IgA Protease

• N. meningitidis

• virulence factor

Pilus for adherence

• N. meningitidis

• virulence factor

fever

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• meningitis

stiff neck

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• meningitis

vomiting

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• meningitis

lethargy

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• meningitis

petechial rash

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• meningitis

fever

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• septicemia

petechial rash

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• septicemia

hypotension

• N. meningitidis

• clinical findings

• septicemia

vaccines

• N. meningitidis

• treatment

Pen G

• N. meningitidis

• treatment

ceftriaxone

• N. meningitidis

• treatment

rifampin

• N. meningitidis

• treatment

ciprofloxacin

• N. meningitidis

• treatment

CSF

• N. meningitidis

• Culture from _

petechial scrapings

• N. meningitidis

• Culture from _

chocolate agar

• N. meningitidis

• agar media

Thayer- Martin VCN media

• N. meningitidis

• agar media

neonates

• N. meningitidis

• _ susceptible

army recruits

• N. meningitidis

• _ susceptible

freshmen

• N. meningitidis

• _ susceptible

CNS

N. meningitis usually affects the _

sero groups ABC

• N. meningitis

• _ cause disease

B

• N. meningitis

• vaccines target type _

vancomycin

• VCN

• inhibits G+

colistin

• VCN

• kills all G=

nyostatin

• VCN

• inhibits fungi

gonorrhea

• N. gonorrheae

• disease

2nd

Gonorrhea is the _ most common STD

penis

Gonorrhea usually affects the _

urinary tract

Gonorrhea usually affects the _

pilus

• N. gonorrheae

• virulence factors

PorA OM porins

• N. gonorrheae

• virulence factors

• invasion into epithelial cells

PorB OM porins

• N. gonorrheae

• virulence factors

• invasion into epithelial cells

Opa proteins

• N. gonorrheae

• virulence factors

• adherence and invasion

maltose fermenters

point of distinction between N. meningitidis and N. gonorrheae

urethritis

• N. gonorrheae

• clinical findings

• in men

cervical gonorrhea

• N. gonorrheae

• clinical findings

• in women

gonococcal bacteremia

• N. gonorrheae

• clinical findings

• in men and women

septic arthritis

• N. gonorrheae

• clinical findings

• in men and women

opthalmia neonatorum

• N. gonorrheae

• clinical findings

• in neonates

ceftriaxone

• N. gonorrheae

• treatment

cefixime

• N. gonorrheae

• treatment

gentamicin

• N. gonorrheae

• treatment

erythromycin eyedrops

• N. gonorrheae

• treatment

• for neonates

syrup for prophylaxis

• N. gonorrheae

• treatment

• for neonates

chlamydial infection

concurrent with N. gonorrheae infection

chocolate agar

• N. gonorrheae

• agar media

Thayer-Martin VCN media

• N. gonorrheae

• agar media

reinfection possible

• N. gonorrheae

• _ possible

• no immunity

Enterobacteriaceae

• very common

• part of the normal gut microflora or may cause GI infections

• 63 genera; 20-25 species are clinically significant

G (-) rods

• Enterobacteriaceae

• morphology

peritrichous flagella

• Enterobacteriaceae

• Some motile with _

non-motile

• Enterobacteriaceae

• Some _

aerobic

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• aerobic or anaerobic

facultative anaerobes

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• aerobic or anaerobic

glucose

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• _ fermentation with gas production

+

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• catalase _

-

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• oxidase _

nitrite

• Enterobacteriaceae

• culture/biochemical properties

• nitrate to _

E. coli

• Enterobacteriaceae

• circular, convex, and smooth colonies

• some may be hemolytic

Enterobacter

• Enterobacteriaceae

• mucoid colonies

Klebsiella

• Enterobacteriaceae

• large and mucoid colonies

salmonella

• Enterobacteriaceae

• circular, convex, and smooth colonies

• do not ferment lactose

shigella

• Enterobacteriaceae

• circular, convex, and smooth colonies

• do not ferment lactose

IMVIC

• differential and biochemical tests

• indole, methyl red, voges-proskauer, citrate

TSIA

• differential and biochemical tests

• _ in slant/butt tubes

EMB

• differential and biochemical tests

• differentiates between lactose & non-lactose fermenters

• for gram (-) bacteria

MAC

• differential and biochemical tests

• differentiates between lactose & non-lactose fermenters

deoxycholate medium

• differential and biochemical tests

• differentiates between lactose & non-lactose fermenters

MPN

• differential and biochemical tests

• _ test

lactose

only e. coli ferments _

gas production

if there is a break in the agar, there is _

lactose

one of the sugars of TSIA

glucose

one of the sugars of TSIA

sucrose

one of the sugars of TSIA

yellow

color of acid

red

color of alkaline

e. coli o517h7

strain of e. coli

lipopolysaccharide

• e. coli o517h7

• _ O side chains

flagellated

• e. coli o517h7

• what does H mean?

no cell invasion

• Enterobacteriaceae

• Degrees of intestinal invasion

• Bacteria binds only to the cell

• Exotoxins (enterotoxins) cause diarrhea

ETEC

wateryy diarrhea is caused by _

V. cholerae

watery diarrhea is caused by _

Invasion of intestinal epithelial cells

• Enterobacteriaceae

• Degrees of intestinal invasion

• Binding and invasion occurs; results to cell death

• Systemic immune response

fever

considered a systemic immune response