Properties of Pure Substances - ABE 210 Lecture 3

These flashcards cover key terminologies and concepts related to the properties of pure substances discussed in ABE 210 Lecture 3.

Pure Substance

A substance that has a fixed chemical composition throughout.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture that is uniform in composition, such as air, which is a mixture of gases considered a pure substance.

Phase Change

A transition of matter from one state (solid, liquid, gas) to another.

P-v Diagram

A graphical representation showing the relationship between pressure (P) and specific volume (v) of a substance.

T-v Diagram

A graphical representation showing the relationship between temperature (T) and specific volume (v) of a substance.

P-T Diagram

A graphical representation showing the relationship between pressure (P) and temperature (T) of a pure substance.

Saturated Liquid

The liquid phase of a substance that is in equilibrium with its vapor at the given pressure.

Saturated Vapor

The vapor phase of a substance that is in equilibrium with its liquid at the given pressure.

Triple Point

The condition at which three phases (solid, liquid, vapor) of a substance coexist in equilibrium.

Critical Point

The end point of a phase equilibrium curve, above which a substance cannot exist as a liquid.

Mixing Ratio (x)

The ratio of the mass of vapor to the total mass of a liquid-vapor mixture.

Property Table

A reference table that provides thermodynamic properties of substances at various states.

Enthalpy (h)

A measure of the total heat content of a system.

Specific Volume (v)

The volume occupied by a unit mass of a substance.

Evaporation

The process of a liquid converting to vapor at temperatures below boiling point.

Condensation

The process of vapor turning into liquid.

Internal Energy (u)

The total energy contained within a system.

Saturated Mixture

A combination of saturated liquid and saturated vapor coexisting in equilibrium.

Temperature only

A butane lighter contains a mixture of liquid and vapor butane
at room temperature. What are the minimum properties necessary to determine the pressure of the butane mixture?