Module 5 - Musculo-Skeletal System

acromi/o

acromion (projection of scapula)

ankyl/o

stiffness

acromial (acromi/al)

pertaining to the acromium

ankylosis (ankyl/osis)

pathological condition of stiffness, a bent and stiff joint

arthr/o

joint

arthritis (arthr/itis)

inflammation of the joint

brachi/o

arm

brachialgia (brachi/algia)

pain in the arm

carp/o

carpus (wrist bone)

carpoptosis (carp/o/ptosis)

wrist drop

cephal/o

head

cephalomegaly (cephal/o/megaly)

enlargement of the head

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

humeroulnar (humer/o/ulnar)

relating to both the humerus and the ulna

ischi/o

ischium (lower part of the hip)

ischiofemoral (ischi/o/femoral)

relating to the ischium and the femur

clavicle, manubrium, scapula, sternum, ribs, pelvic girdle

Torso

humerus, ulna, radius

Arm

carpals, metacarpals

Hand

sacrum coccyx, lumbar vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, cervical vertebrae

Spinal column

cranium, mandible

Skull

oste/o, os/l, oss/l

bone

crani/o

skull

nasal

nose

malar

cheekbone

maxilla

upper jaw

mandible

lower jaw

hyoid

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

spondyl/o, rachi/o, vertebr/o

vertebra

sacr/o

sacrum

coccyg/o, coccyg/e

coccyx

cleid/o, clavicul,o

clavicle

scapul/o

scapula

stern/o

sternum

cost/o

ribs

sacr/o, ischi/o, ili/o, pub/o

pelvis

humerous

upper arm bone

radius

short arm bone

ulna

forearm bone

carpus

wrist

phalanges

fingers, toes

femur

thigh bone

patella

kneecap

tibia

larger lower leg bone

fibula

smaller lower leg bone

tarsus

ankle bone

articul/o, arthr/o

joints

chondr/o

cartilage

burs/o

bursa

ligament/o

ligament (binds bone to bone)

my/o, muscul/o

muscles

tend/o, tendin/o

tendons

fasci/o

fascia

frontal bone

forehead

sphenoid bone

Bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together

ethmoid

bone that forms the back of the nose and encloses numerous air cells

lacrimal bone

small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts

nasal bone

bridge of nose

zygomatic bone

cheek bone

parietal bone

a bone forming the central side and upper back part of each side of the skull.

occipital bone

back of head

ossicle

any small bone

ossiferous

composed of or forming bone or bony tissue

osteoplasty

surgical repair of a bone.

osteorrhaphy

suturing or wiring of bone fragments

osteostixis

therapeutic puncture of a bone

osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

osteosarcoma

malignant tumor of the bone

osteoma

a tumor of bone tissue

osteopathy

any bone disease

ostitis

inflammation of the bone

osteosclerosis

hardening of a bone

osteoporosis

increased porosity of the bone

osteoarthritis

Chronic disease involving the joints

rachigraph

device to outline the curves of the spine

rachiometer

device to measure spinal curvature

rachiotome

instrument for cutting the vertebrae

spondylotherapy

spinal therapy

spondylotomoy

surgical opening or cutting of the vertebral canal. rachitomy

spondylalgia

painful condition of a vertebra

spondylitis

inflammation of one or more vertabrae

spondylosis

any disorder of a vertebra

rachialgia

pain in the spine

rachitis

inflammation of the spine

rachioplegia

paralysis of the spine

rachioscoliosis

curvature of the spine

rachiotomy

surgical cutting of the spinal cord

arthrectomy

excision of a joint

arthroclasia

The artificial breaking of a fixed joint to provide movement

arthrolysis

the operation of restoring movement to a fixed joint

arthrostomy

formation of a temporary opening in a joint for drainage purposes

arthrotomy

cutting into a joint

arthroplasty

The surgical reconstruction or replacement of a painful or deteriorated joint

arthroscopy

The examination of the interior of a joint, performed by inserting an endoscope through a small incision

arthragra

acute pain in the joints

arthralgia

Pain in a joint

arthritis

inflammation of a joint

arthredema

swelling of a joint

arthrocele

Hernia of the synovial membrane

Arthrogryposis

persistent contracture of a joint