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What is Confucianism?
A Chinese philosophy originating with Confucius during the Zhou Dynasty, made state ideology during the Han Dynasty, emphasizing ethics, filial piety, and hierarchical relationships.
What are the five key relationships in Filial Piety?
The five key relationships are: ruler -> subject, father -> son, husband -> wife, brother -> brother, friend -> friend.
What dynasty existed from 960-1279 and was known for great economic prosperity?
The Song Dynasty.
What is the significance of the Grand Canal?
It caused the most populous trading area in the world and facilitated commerce and communication in China.
What innovation brought significant changes to agriculture in China?
Champa rice, which is drought-resistant and cut production time in half.
What does the term 'Bureaucracy' refer to in the context of Song Dynasty China?
A government system run by small groups called ministries.
Which major tributary states were influenced by China?
Korea, Vietnam, Champa, and Khotan.
What are the three types of Buddhism mentioned?
Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana Buddhism.
What is Neo-Confucianism?
An adaptation that blends Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist ideas, significant for Song Dynasty bureaucracy.
What was a major economic change during the Song Dynasty?
The implementation of a tax system to fund public projects, as opposed to requiring labor as before.
What were the contributions of Chinese innovations to external trade?
Developments such as paper maps, magnetic compasses, and cargo ships enhanced trade networks across India and the Silk Road.
What is the role of the Scholar Gentry Class in the Song Dynasty?
A class formed through expanded education and the merit-based civil service system.
What movement resulted from the rejection of Confucianism in Vietnam?
The Viet's winning independence from China in 939.
How did Buddhism arrive in China?
Buddhism arrived from India during the Han Dynasty and became popular during the Tang Dynasty.
What characterizes the Song-style landscape paintings?
True-view landscape paintings represent natural scenery with a focus on depth and perspective.
How is filial piety connected to hierarchy in Confucianism?
Filial piety reflects a hierarchical structure of relationships that emphasize respect and duty.