Immune System Cells

Anatomy

Macrophage

large monocyte

stalker (super creeper)

long lived cell (can live for years)

made in bone marrow

cleans up the battle

Neutrophil

leukocyte

very numerous

kills and digests bacteria (suicide bomber)

makes a mess

has a short life

Central Memory T-Cell

stays in the lymph nodes

historian/memory cell
remembers the battle

stops working with age

Mast Cell

contains histamine (call for more immune cells)

cytokine growth factors

chemical bombs

causes inflammation (due to more immune cells being present)

basophils (type of this cell)

Memory B Cell

builds long term immunity

remembers the battle

stays in the lymph

Natural Killer Cell

recognizes virus or cells that show an absence of self/stressed

always on

MHC Class 1 are a stop sign to these cells

have receptors to calm them down

Defensin

antibiotic chemicals

naturally on the skin

part of first line of defense

Dendritic Cell

antigen presenting cell

capture, process, and present pathogens

activates B & T Cells

messenger & intelligence officers

without it = no second line of defense

adaptive

Compliment Proteins

30 different types

stops invaders from congregating

rip holes in enemies (stabbing like swords)

helps activate and guide immune cells towards pathogens

Antibody

activates complement system

death tag protein

made by B cells

stun and clumps antigens

5 different types

Cytokines

proteins

language of the immune cells

amount signals a threshold to do something

Histamines

inflammatory chemical

released by mast cells and basophils

help guide and call for more immune cells

MHC Class 2

Receptors

presents antigens from dendritic cell to T cells

Long Lived Plasma Cell

remembers antigens

stays in the bone marrow

makes antibodies

MHC Class 1

protein on cells

window as to what is going on inside the cell

typically play a major role when virus infects

Interferon

viral chemical warfare

helps shutdown protein production in cells

B Cell

made in bone marrow

makes 2,000 antibodies

very specific

can switch type of antibody production at any time

recognize complement proteins

many different types

Helper T Cell

activates B and killer cells

motivates cell (cheer leaders)

recognizes antigens if on MHC Class 2 only

put macrophages into killer mode

monitors the battle

resets macrophages

made in bone marrow, goes to thymus

99% commit suicide

Antigen

part of a pathogen

Killer T Cell

need an MHC Class 1 to turn on

puncture infected cells

inserts death signals

made in bone marrow, goes to thymus

Plasma Cell

makes and transports antibodies

Effector Memory T Cell

patrols the lymphatic system

stops working with age

Virus

non-living

needs a host to reproduce

most successful entity on Earth

can take over the body in 8-72 hours

fast mutation rate

kills memory cells

can live dormant inside of you

Bacteria

living = can be killed

reproduces independently

majority are not harmful; beneficial