Unidad 1: Principles of Medical Interpretation

Accuracy (as a concept in interpreting)

to capture and transfer the meaning of the speaker's message into the other language without adding, omitting, or changing the meaning.

Bias

an attitude toward other people or ideas.

Bilingual

possessing the ability to speak two languages at a defined level of fluency. **Note: How someone is determined to be fluent in two languages varies among and within geographic regions and interpreting specializations.

Code of Ethics

a set of directives that specifies the requirements or expectations intended to guide the conduct of practitioners of a profession.

Community Interpreter

a bilingual or multilingual individual who is deemed professionally qualified to interpret in community service settings.

Community Interpreting

a specialization of interpreting that facilitates access to community services for individuals who do not speak the language of service.

Consecutive Mode

understanding and reformulating a message in another language after the speaker or signer pauses.

Equivalent

a way of expressing the meaning of one term in another language when no similar term exists.

Healthcare Interpreting

interpreting for patients, their families and service providers in healthcare.

Indigenous Language

the language of an indigenous people: "Indigenous languages are not only methods of communication, but also extensive and complex systems of knowledge.

Indigenous people

indigenous peoples are inheritors and practitioners of unique cultures and ways o relating to people and the environment. They have retained social, cultural, economic, and political characteristics that are distinct from those of the dominant societies in which they live. Despite their cultural differences, indigenous peoples from around the world share common problems related to the protection of their rights as distinct peoples.

Intercultural Communication

the ability to communicate effectively across cultural differences.

Intercultural Mediators

individuals who are usually bilingual and bicultural, tasked with assisting people of different cultural backgrounds to better understand each other's perspectives, typically with the goal of supporting effective delivery of community services. **Note Also known as cultural mediators, intercultural mediators may or may not interpret, and may or may not receive professional training in (inter) cultural mediation and/or interpreting. This profession s most common in certain parts of Europe but also exists in other countries

Interpreting

rendering (converting) a spoken or signed message into another spoken or signed language, preserving the register and meaning of the source language content (in real time).

Intervening

the act of intervening: that is, interrupting an interpreted session.

Limited English Proficient (LEP)

a legal concept used by the U.S. government to refer to individuals who may speak, read, write or understand some English, but not enough English to receive meaningful access to publicly funded services without language assistance

Mediation/strategic mediation

Any act or utterance of the interpreter that goes beyond interpreting and is intended to remove a barrier to communication or facilitate a service user's access to the service.

Medical Interpreting

interpreting for patients, their families and service providers in health care.

Message

a speech segment (a statement) in oral or signed speech.
**Note The message is what the interpreter renders (converts) from one language into another language. One conversation in community or legal interpreting can be composed of many messages.

Mode

a technique for the delivery of interpreting. **Note The three widely accepted modes are consecutive interpreting, simultaneous interpreting and sight translation.

Note taking

a language - neutral, symbols-based, visual and spatial method used in consecutive interpreting to capture meaning using the minimum- number of pen strokes possible.

Register

he level of language. Register can go from a formal, educated level of speech to an informal level, such as slang.

Relay Interpreting

interpreting between two languages by means of a third language.
**Note At least two interpreters are necessary for relay interpreting. One interpreter relays the message into a shared language, while the second interpreter relays that message from the shared language into the third language. Relay interpreting can be unidirectional or bidirectional.

Remote Interpreting

nterpreting that involves at least one interpreter who is not physically present with other parties to the session and who is interpreting using a remote (distant) platform.

Sight Translation

oral rendering of the meaning of written text.

Simultaneous Mode

understanding and reformulating a message in another language while speaker of signer is still speaking.

Source Language

the language from which on interprets.

Speaker

someone who speaks or signs in any language

Standards of practice

a set of formal guidelines that offer practitioners of a profession clear strategies and courses of action to support professional conduct.

Summerization

reformulating the primary content of a message in a shorter form.
**Note Summarization can be performed in the same language or in another language. For summarization is not a widely accepted practice; it is usually considered a last resort.

Target Language

the language into which one interprets.

Translation

the conversion of a written text into a corresponding written text in a different language

Working Language

any language into which, or from which, one interprets.