science test

What is one of the three parts of the cell theory?

All living things are made of one or more cells.

What is the job of the cell membrane?

Provides protection for a cell.

What is a chloroplast and where is it found?

Chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells.

Cross two genotypes with heterozygous brown eyes. What percentage will be blue?

25%.

List the genotypes with tall being dominant to short.

TT, Tt, tt.

If yellow is dominant to blue, what are the genotypes?

YY (yellow), Yy (yellow), yy (blue).

How is homozygous different from heterozygous?

Homozygous is the same; heterozygous is different.

What is the difference between acquired traits and inherited traits?

Acquired traits are learned; inherited traits are passed down from generations.

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Genotype is represented by letters; phenotype is a physical representation.

What is the difference between dominant traits and recessive traits?

Dominant traits cover up recessive traits; recessive traits can disappear.

How many parents are required in asexual reproduction?

What does the 'a' in asexual reproduction tell you?

No or without.

What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?

Having to find a partner; typically involves 2 parents.

What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

Genetic variation.

Do all plants reproduce asexually or sexually?

They can reproduce both ways.

How many chromosomes make up most humans?

How many chromosomes come from mom?

How many chromosomes come from dad?

How will a seed make it from one place to another?

By wind, water, and animals.

What environmental factors does a seed need to germinate and grow?

Water and sun.

Is an animal's camouflage an environmental factor or a genetic factor?

A genetic factor.

How does camouflage help an animal survive?

It helps the animal blend in and hide from predators.

What is DNA replication?

Making a copy of DNA.

How is RNA used in transcription?

To make mRNA from DNA.

How is RNA used in translation?

To make proteins.

How are proteins made?

From the processes of transcription and translation.

What does cancer have to do with genetics?

It involves uncontrollable cell division.

What are some common causes of cancer?

Smoking and overexposure to UV light.

Which type of mutation deletes base pairs from a DNA strand?

Deletion.

Which type of mutation adds base pairs?

Insertion.

Which type of mutation replaces a C-G pair with an A-T pair?

Substitution.

What type of adaptation do Guadeloupe turtles use to survive?

Length of neck and curved shell.

Define natural selection.

Natural selection is when nature decides; adapt or die.

What type of adaptation are the jackrabbit's powerful legs?

Structural adaptation.

What type of adaptation is the jackrabbit staying still in the hottest part of the day?

Behavioral adaptation.

What type of adaptation are the blood vessels in a jackrabbit’s ears that cool the blood?

Functional adaptation.

What is mimicry?

When animals look like the predator.

What is selective breeding?

Humans choose the traits of organisms.

What are body parts inherited by two or more species from a common ancestor called?

Homologous structures.

What is the study of similarities and differences among structures of living and fossil species?

Comparative anatomy.

What is the study of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth called?

Embryology.