Exploring Consciousness and Hypnosis

Consciousness

Awareness of thoughts, feelings, and surroundings.

Unconscious

Mental processes not accessible to awareness.

Daydreaming

A spontaneous, unconscious shift in attention.

Fantasy

Imagined scenarios often reflecting desires or fears.

Highway Hypnosis

Altered state while driving, lacking conscious recall.

White Line Fever

Driver's altered state, unaware of actions.

Franz Anton Mesmer

Pioneer of animal magnetism and hypnosis.

James Braid

Introduced hypnosis as an altered state concept.

Sigmund Freud

Explored unconscious processes through hypnosis.

Age Regression

Hypnosis technique to revisit earlier life stages.

Special State Perspective

Hypnosis as a unique altered state of consciousness.

Social Psychological Perspective

Culturally accepted rituals influencing hypnosis.Repress trauma and abuse out of awareness, Colloquial interpretations of being schizophrenic, altered state, trance

Absorption

Deep engagement in an activity, losing awareness.

Expectations

Preconceived notions affecting hypnotic experiences.

Sleep Stages

Five distinct phases of sleep cycle.

Stage 1 Sleep - theta

Light sleep lasting 5-10 minutes, easy to wake

Stage 2 Sleep

20 minutes of sleep with sleep spindles, decrease in body temp and HR

Stage 3 Sleep - delta

Transition to deep sleep with delta waves.

Stage 4 Sleep - delta

Deep sleep, lasts about 30 minutes, slow brain waves

Stage 5 Sleep

REM sleep, increased brain activity, lasts ~90 min, paradoxical sleep, active body systems

Sleep Deprivation Effects

Includes fatigue, irritability, and cognitive impairment.

Hypnagogic Hallucination

Hallucinations while transitioning to sleep.

Hypnopompic Hallucination

Hallucinations upon waking from sleep.

Dream Analysis

Psychoanalytic method to interpret unconscious thoughts.

Nightmares

Disturbing dreams causing fear or anxiety.

Hallucinogens

Substances altering perception and emotions.

Opioid Analgesics

Pain-relieving drugs like heroin.

Sedatives

Drugs inducing calmness and sleepiness.

Stimulants

Substances increasing alertness and energy.

Cannabis

Hallucinogen with depressant effects, contains THC.

Club Drugs

Recreational drugs like MDMA and GHB.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Presence of multiple distinct identities in one person.

Sybil

Famous case of dissociative identity disorder.

Psychodynamic Perspective

Focus on unconscious processes and their effects, Provides theoretical and conceptual 

Forensic Cases

Legal cases involving multiple identities.

John Wayne Gacy

Serial killer with a facade of normalcy.

Billy Milligan

Not guilty by reason of insanity due to multiple identities.

Bianchi's Hypnotic Interview

Leading questions during hypnosis affecting testimony.

Spontaneous Amnesia

Memory loss during hypnosis or role-play.

Social Psychology Role-Play

Experiment simulating accused murderer's psychiatric assessment.

Mock Psychiatric Assessment

Simulated evaluation of a defendant's mental state.

Results of Role-Play Experiment

High rates of name adoption and amnesia.

iatrogenic

cultivated in the therapeutic context by clinicians who are oriented to see personality and consciousness this way

halluciogens

• Affect perceptions, emotions, sensed (hallucinations)

• Phencyclidine (PCP- angel dust) 

• Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD – Acid)

• Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA – Ecstasy)

• Trimethoxyphenethylamine (Peyote)

• Psilocybin (Magic Mushrooms)

• Tetrahydrocannabinol (Cannabis)

alpha state

• Focusing on breathing, relaxing, deeper state of relaxation, brain waves are slowing down  

delta

Deep sleep, brain waves have slowed down, activity is still going on