ACC Modern World History Fall EXAM

Middle Passage

the brutal trip enslaved africans were forced to take across the atlantic to the Americas.

Mercantilism

An economic system where countries tried to get rich by exporting more than importing and controlling colonies.

Colombian exchange

the transfer of plants, animals, people, and desease between the old world and new world.

Chritsiphor columbus

Explorer who sailed for spain and helped start European contact witht the americas in 1492

the three G’s

Gold, God, Glory- this was the reason why the europeans explored.

Printing press

Invetion by gutenberg that allowed books and ideas to spread faster

Predindustrial Imperialism

Early empire building focused on trade and recources, not factories

Benin and the slave trade

African kingdom that traded enslaved people with europeans for weapons and goods.

Cultural insularity

When a society limits contact with outsiders to protect its culture

Canton system

Chinas system that restricted european trade to one port.

Copernicus

Siceintist who said the earth revolved around the sun.

enlightenment

movement focused on reason, science, and natural rights.

Indulgences

Payements to the catholic church beilieved to reduce punishment for sins.

30 years war

religious and political war in europe that weakened the holy roman empire its location was now modern germany/centeral europe.

reformation

movement challenging the catholic church, leading to protistantism

Camillo di cavour

Leader who helped unify italy through diplomacy

nationalism

Pride and loyalty to ones nation or people.

decloration of independance

Document stating American colonies’ independence from Britain.

thomas Paine

Writer of common scense, encouraging american independance.

Reign of terror

Period during the french revolution when many were executed.

tennis Court oath

Promise by french representatives to create a consitution.

Napoleon

French leader who took power after the revolution and spread revolutionary ideas.

Simon bolivar

Leader who helped free latin americafrom spanish rule.

Hatian Recolution

A succsesful slave revult that created Haiti

Otto con Bismark

Used war and diplomacy to unify Germany.

Feminism

Movement for equality between men and women

19th Century Feminism

FOcused on education, property rights, and suffrage.

Sufferage

the right to vote

Nation

A group of people with shared culture, language, and identity.

Prussia

Powerful GErman state that led german unification.

Piedomont

Italian state that led italian unification

Role of war in unifying a nation.

Wars united people against common enimies (italy & Germany).

actory System

WOrkers and machines in one building for mass production.

Mechanization of labor

Using machines instead of hand labor.

Steam engine

Power source that fueled factories, trians, and ships.