unit 2

what are the four types of bacteria?

caucus streptococcus, bacillus and spirillum

where is liverwort usually found

on rocks near streams

where is hornwort often found

in soils or cultivated fields

how do non vascular plants reproduce

sexually- spore formation

asexually- vegetative propagation

what is vegetative propagation

Small parts of the plant breaks off and forms a new plant

how do non-vascular plant sexually reproduce

Sporophyte stage and gamemtophtye stage

what is a sporophyte stage?

Plant produces spores, which are tiny cells that grow into new organisms and then this turns into gametophyte stages

what is gametophyte stage

Plant produces both sperm and egg which joined together during reproduction to make a zygote

what is the purpose of a sporophyte

produces spores

what is the purpose of gametophyte

prodices gametes (sperm and egg cells(

how to vascular plants grow

phototropism gravitropism thigmotropism

how do vascular plants reproduce sexually and asexually?

Sexual reproduction is by pollen and Ovi’s, which are sperm egg.

Asexual reproduction is by spores and vegetative propagation

describe gymnosperm

Produce seeds, enclosed in a cone and has a needle like leaves

describe angiosperm

Has a seed enclosed in a fruit and produces flowers

what are the five types of fungi?

liche, basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, zygomycetes, imperfect fungi

describe club mosses and spike mosses

it doesn’t have a seed And has a needle like leaves and reproduces using spore

describe fern

Has leaves are divided into France and reproduces using spores

how are seats dispersed

Water, wind, animals bursting

main characteristics of vascular plant

It retains water and transport materials they have tubes called xylem and phloem.

what are the main characteristics of structures of a fungus?

haploid, Cell walls are made of chitin, hyphae, mycellium

what is hyphae

Thread like structure that make up multicellular fungi

what is mycellium

underground like system made up of many hyphae

how do fungi reproduce?

hyphal exchange, budding, fruiting bodies

what are mosses

gametophyte has tiny leaf like structure Going from central stem like structure goes in moist shady spots

how do fungi get energy?

parasitic, mutualistic, decomposer

what are liverwort

gametophyte Resembles a human liver often found growing on rocks near streams

what are hortwort

gametophyte Is flat leaf structure usually found growing in soil or cultivated fields

how do fungi obtain food. what are the three steps?

hyphae grow into food source, Digestive enzymes are released into organism, hyphae absorb nutrients

What is the three types of protists

euglena, paramecium and water mold

what is euglena

euglena is plant like- has red eyespot and flagellum

what is paramecium traits

moved by cilia - animal like

what are the four types of viruses?

envelope, helical, icosahedral, bacteriophage

what are the three ways that bacteria get energy?

Photosynthetic, Chemosynthetic and Cellular respiration

what are two ways of bacteria reproduce?

A sexual (binarry fission) and sexual (conjugation)

what are the three ways that bacteria move?

Stationary, flagella, cilia

what are three ways bacteria can help us

helps us digest food, Make yogurt, cheese, etc. decomposers(Breaks down the material and return those nutrient To the environment)

what factors affect bacterial growth?

pH,temperature,availability for oxygen nutrients and water

which of the viruses are regular VS geometric shape

Regular is envelope and helical, Geometric is icosahedral and bacteriophage

what are the main structures of the virus?

capsid, protein coat, surface protein, envelope

how does viruses reproduce?

Active (Virus attaches to the cell and the genetic material takes over and replicates immediately) or hidden (Genetic material is combined with the cell and lies dormant until it becomes active)

why do viruses need a host?

Because it cannot reproduce or make energy on their own

how do viruses get energy?

From the host cell

what are some common illnesses caused by viruses?

Chickenpox AIDS cold flu West Nile virus hepatitties