Binary, Hexadecimal, and Networking Concepts (Video)

Vocabulary flashcards covering binary, hexadecimal, and networking concepts from the video notes.

Binary

A base-2 numbering system using only 0 and 1; computers process, transmit, and store data in binary.

Decimal system

The base-10 counting system used by humans, with digits 0–9.

Bit

A single binary digit; the smallest unit of data in computing.

Hexadecimal

A base-16 numbering system using digits 0–9 and letters A–F.

Network media

The pathways that connect devices on a network, including wireless pathways.

Network Interface Card (NIC)

The physical component that allows a device to connect to a network.

Network protocol

The set of rules and standards governing data transmission; serves as a common language.

Client-server model

A network model where clients request information and servers fulfill requests.

Peer-to-peer (P2P)

A decentralized network where peers act as both clients and servers with no central admin.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network covering a small geographic area; devices connect via cables or Wi‑Fi and have unique identifiers.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network that extends over a large geographical area, often using leased connections.

The Internet

The global network that links millions of smaller networks.

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A secure connection between a device and the Internet that protects data.

Firewall

A security device that monitors and controls network traffic based on predefined rules.

Physical address

A hardware address (MAC) used to identify devices on a local network.

Logical address

An address at the IP layer used to identify devices on a network.

Router

A device that forwards data between networks, connecting a local network to others.

Virtualization

Running multiple virtual systems on a single physical machine.