Haematology and Transfusion Practice BIOL33451 Malaria and blood parasites I

Flashcards about Malaria

Malaria

A tropical parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites which infect red blood cells, often transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito.

Plasmodium falciparum

A species of malaria parasite known to infect man.

Plasmodium vivax

A species of malaria parasite known to infect man.

Plasmodium ovale

A species of malaria parasite known to infect man.

Plasmodium malariae

A species of malaria parasite known to infect man.

Plasmodium knowlesi

A species of malaria parasite known to infect man.

RTS,S

Recommended by WHO to prevent malaria in children; has reached nearly 2 million children in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi through the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, MVIP, since 2019.

R21/Matrix-MTM

Malaria vaccine developed by the University of Oxford and the Serum Institute of India, leveraging Novavax's adjuvant technology, has been awarded prequalification status by the World Health Organization (WHO) in December 2023.

Malaria Vaccine

First malaria vaccine recommended by WHO to prevent malaria in children.

Maurer’s clefts

Irregular red/mauve dots inside red cells infected with P. falciparum.

Schüffner’s dots

Multiple, small, brick-red dots inside red cells infected with P. vivax or P. ovale.

P. falciparum Ring Form Trophozoite

Delicate, small rings with scanty cytoplasm; can have double chromatin dots; older rings may be stippled (Maurer's clefts/dots); trophozoites are sometimes found at the periphery of the red blood cell (RBC) and are referred to as accolé forms

P. falciparum Gametocyte

Crescent or sausage-shaped; central nucleus surrounded by darkly pigmented granules.

P. vivax Ring form trophozoite

Rings can be ? to 1/2 of the diameter of the RBC; heavy chromatin dot; thin, faintly stained cytoplasm

P. vivax Large Trophozoite

Amoeboid vacuolated Parasite can fill entire RBC; 12-24 merozoites in a rosette; fine, central pigment; numerous chromatin masses

P. malariae Large Trophozoite

Compact or band shaped scattered dark granules

P. Knowlesi Ring Form Trophozoite

Rings can be up to 1/2 of the diameter of the RBC; delicate cytoplasm with one or two prominent chromatin dots; occasional accolé forms

P. Knowlesi Large Trophozoite

Compact cytoplasm and occasional band forms coarse, dark-brown pigment