MIS 4374 Ch 8 - Merge into Rest when Done

What is a vital component of project resoruce management?

• Managing People

• People determine the success/failure of organizations & projects

What is a PM?

A people leader and gets the best out of the team

• The project sucess depends on quality of team, availabiltiy, and ability to work together.

What are the keys to managing & leading people?

• Motivation Theories

• Influence & Power

• Effectiveness

• Emotional Intelligence

• Leadership

Instristic Motivation

• Causes people to participate because they enjoy it

• For yourself & long-term

  • Ex.) Reading or writing for fun

Extrinstic Motivation

• Causes people to participate for reward/avoid punishment

• To get something

  • Ex.) Kids playing an instrument to receive a reward, but would rather not play at all

What did Abraham Maslow argue?

That humans possess unique qualities that enable them to make independent choices, thus giving them control of their destiny

• This led him to develop the hierarchy of needs that states people are guided/motivated bt a sequence of needs

What are the needs in the hierachy?

• Physological Needs (food/shelter)

• Safety (Financial)

• Love & Belonging (Family/Friends)

• Esteem (Rewards)

• Self Actualization

What is Herzverg’s hygeine theroy?

• There is a differnece between mtoivation & hyegine factors

  • Motivation Factors: Causes job satisfaction

  • Hygeine Factors: Could cause job dissatisfaction

What are examples of Motivation Factors according to Herzberg?

• Acheivement

• recognition

• The work itself

• Job Advancement Oppurntiries

• Growth Oppurtunities

What are examples of Hygeine Factors according to Herzberg?

• Relationship with peers

• Compnay policies & working conditions

• Physical Workspace

• Salary

• Status

• Security

• Supervision

What is Mccellands Acquired Needs Theory

That there are three basic needs that have direct impact on everyones motivation

• Needs for Affiliation (Relationships)

• Needs for Achievement → Struggles in leadership position bc individualistic mindset

• Need for Power (Control) → Makes excellent leader

How should managers manage Needs for Acheivement?

• Working alone or with other high acheivers

• Assign challenging projects with acheiveable goals

• frequent feedback

How should managers manage Needs for Affiliation?

• Cooperative environemnet

• Work with significant personal interaction

How should managers manage Needs for Power?

• People needing personal power managing others

• People needing instituational power managing organization teams to achieve organizational goals

What are the wyas that PM can influence projects?

• Authority → Right to issue orders

• Assignment → Assigning work

• Budget

• Promotion

• Money

• Penalty

• Work Challenge → Assigning challenging work

• Expertise

• Friendship

Which method is most sucessful for PM’s to use?

• Work Challenges & Expertise

  • Projects are likely to fail if they rely too heavy on authority/money/penalty

What is power?

• The potential ability to influence behavior to get people to do things they wouldnt do

  • It is much stronger than influence because power is used to force people to change behavior

What are the types of power?

• Coercive

• Legitimate

• Expert

• Reward

What are the parts of emotional intelliegence?

• Empathy → Understanding other people emotions

• Self-Regulation → Managing your emotions

• Motivation → Drive to achieve

• Self Awareness → Recognizing/Undrestanding your emotions

• Social Skills → Ability to communication effeictely

What is a RACI chart?

A responsibility assignment matrix that define roles/responsibilities of stakeholders

What are the parts of RACI?

• Responsible: Who is directly involved in task completion

• Accountable: Who is answerable for outcome

• Consulted: Provides Input

• Informed: Who is kept up-to-date on progress

What is a resource historigram?

Tells us how many people in different roles are needed per month

What are the factors that impact estimating activity resources?

• Resource Skill Level (Are they experienced or entry level?)

• Duration (How long would they take? Do we need only 1 of them or multiple to complete within the deadline?)

• Resource Cost Rate (How much do they cost & how long would they take?)

What is resource leveling? (Based on resource constraint)

• A technique for resolving resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks

  • The main purpose is to create a smoother distribution of resource usage

  • Prevents reosurces from being overallocatied

  • Critical path can chage & start/finish dates can be shifted

What are the benefits of resource leveling?

• When resources are used on a more constant basis, they reqiure less managing

• May enable PM to use a just-in-time inventory type of policy for using subcontractors or other expensive resources

• Results in fewer problems for proj personnel & accounting department

• Imrpoves morale

What are the steps in developing the project team?

• Forming

• Storming

• Norming

• Performing

• Adjounring

What is the Myers Brriggs Type Indicator?

A popular tool for determining personality perferances & helping teammeates understand eachother

• Extrovert/Introvert

• Sensation/Intuition

• Thinking/Feeling

• Judgement/Perception

Inutitive/Think types often attracted to tech field

What is the social styles profile?

People are often perceived as behvaing primarily in one of four zonres basd on asertiveness/responsiveness

• Drivers

• Expressives

• Analyticals

• Amiables

What is the DISC profiles?

A four dimensionmal model of normal behavior

• Dominance (Direct, Assertive, Outcome Oriented)

• Influence (Persuasive, Outgoing, Strives to win others over)

• Steadiness (Calm, Sincere, Good Listener, Cooperative)

• Compliance (Concerned, Works alone, Prefers processes)

What are reward & recognition styles?

• Team based reward/recognition styles can promote teamwork

  • Focus on rewarding teams for achieving specific goals

Project Managers must continually assess their teams performances

Managing the project team

PM must lead their teams in performing various proj activities

• After assessing team perfromance & realted info, the PM must make deicisons

  • Ex.) Changes to be made, Corrective actions, updates needed

What are the conflict ahndling models?

• Confrontation → Directly face using probelm solving apporach

• Compromise → Give/Take Apporach

• Smoothing → Emphasize areas of agreement, not disagreement

• Forcing → Win/Lose apporach

• Withdrawl → Retreat from disagreement

• Collaborating → Incorporate insights

Why are conflicts good?q

• Can produce important results like new ideas, better alternatives, motivation

• Groupthink: Confirmance to value or ethical standards of a group; can develop if there are no conflciting viewpoint

What is difference between task-realted & emotional conflict?

• Task-Realted Conflict: Can improve team perfromances

• Emotional Conflict: Can depress team performances

Controlling Project Team

• Ensures that physical resources assigned are available

• Invovled monitoring planned vs. actual resources utilizied & taking corrective actions

• Ensures work is performed to expecations

• Take corrective action in case of lacking performance or bad attitude