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Homer
E: knowledge is limited, knowledge comes from gods
M: world is ruled by gods
Hesiod
E: knowledge comes from the gods
M: everything began from chaos
First attempt at creation story
Democritus
E: true knowledge comes from sense
M: everything is made of atoms
Paramenides
E: senses deceive us, only reason reveals the truth
M: change + motion are illusions, what truly exists always exists
Pythagoras
E: knowledge comes from numbers
M: everything is same up or numbers
Sophists
E: truth is relative
M: the world is what humans made of it
Herodotus - wrote Persian war
E: knowledge comes from observation
M: the world is what humans make of it
Thucydides - wrote about Pelopenisan war
E: knowledge comes from reason
M: doesn’t discuss nature of reality, reality is shaped by human actions
Socrates
E: knowledge is virtue
M: believed the soul is more important than the body