kms religion test

"Divine” to Hindus

All of reality, creation, Humanity, even God is essentially one thing

Creation, plants, animals, Gods/-desses, everything (Hinduism)..

all share a common essence

Brahman

Universal soul/source of all creation to Hindus, Is the universe and what makes the universe

Doctrinal Aspect for Hinduism

Upanishads

Trimurti of Hinduism

Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

Brahma

the creator deva

Vishnu

the preserver deva

Shiva

the destroyer deva

Avatars

Earthly versions of the Gods and Goddesses of Hinduism

Vedas

collection oldest Hindu sacred texts

The Bhagavad Gita

Worn out garments are shed by the body, worn out bodies are shed by the dweller

Samsara

cycle of birth and destruction

Atman

Hinduism’s belief of your true self, is reincarnated

Karma in Hinduism

Moral law of cause and effect/ every action has a reaction

Hinduism’s release from Samsara

Moksha - find your atman and join again with Brahman

Aum

Hinduism’s symbol of the totality of sound and all reality

Monism

belief that all reality is one, “only-one-ism”

Dharma for Hindus

what is considered right and wrong, how you must live your life

Dharma is based on: (hinduism)

Gender, caste, age

Varna

Social Structure in India (Hinduism)

Brahmins

priests, teachers, responsible for our intelligence and spirituality

Kshatriya

warriors and rulers

Vaisya

skilled traders and merchants

Sudra

farm workers, unskilled laborers, peasants

dalit/Harijan

No caste, do dirty jobs

Ashrama

4 stages of life in hinduism (Brahmacharya. Grihastha, Vanaprastha, sanyasin)

Brahmacharya

The student - study and prepare for future (hinduism)

Grihastha

Married family man - raise a family, job (hinduism)

Vanaprastha

The Forest Hermit - retirement, give up all physical needs and connections (hinduism)

Sanyasin

Ascetic, someone who gives up all worldly connections and is prepared to leave this life (hinduism)

Origin of Buddhism

India 500BC, most members in South East Asia

Three Jewels of Buddhism

Buddha (teacher) , Dharma (teachings) , Sangha (community)

Most notable person of Buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama, born as a prince, spent 6 years looking for enlightenment

4 passing sights of buddhism

old person, sick person, dead person, ascetic person

5 mendicants of buddhism

beggars

middleway in buddhism

balance b/w spiritual and material life

Tree of Buddhism

Bodhi/ Fig tree that Siddhartha sat under all night until he found spiritual perfection

Mara (buddhism)

God of Death, tested Siddhartha as he sat under tree. Sent out his 3 daughters to tempt but did not work

First Watch of Buddhism - evening

Siddhartha seeing his previous lifetimes and reincarnations

Second Watch of Buddhism - middle of the night

divine eye, saw deaths and rebirths of all living things / no escape from death

Third Watch of Buddhism - early morning

Discovered the four Noble truths

Buddha

awakened one, awake to the Universal Truth, realized enlightenment in Buddhism

Nirvana

ultimate salvation for Buddhists, free from all desire and awakened

Arhats

the 5 mendicants who listened to Siddhartha’s teachings, became Buddhists saints

Sangha

Buddhist Monastic Community

Three Marks of Existence in Buddhism

Anatta, Anicca, Dukkha

Anatta

There is no self, no permanent person inside of us that stays the same

Anicca

Impermanence, existence is changing

Dukkha

suffering

1st noble truth

to live is to suffer - dukkha

2nd noble truth

dukkha is caused by desire - Tanha

3rd noble truth

dukkha can be ended through cessation - Nirodha

4th noble truth

noble 8-fold path

noble Eight-Fold Path

right - view, intentions, speech, action, livelihood, effort, concentration, mindfulness

Dharma in Buddhism

teachings of the buddha

Therevada

The way of the elders in Buddhism, focused on original teachings of the Buddha, meditation

Sutras

collection of writing based on the buddha

Mahayana

More of a religion in Buddhism, focus on Buddha himself (savior), pray to Bodhisattvas

Vajrayana

Buddhism with a focus, nirvana can be achieved in the here and now

Mandalas

Visually exciting things to look at for enlightenment (buddhism)

Mudras

finger gestures that generate energy to heal the body (buddhism)

mantras

affirmations (buddhism)

Meaning of Sikh

learner or disciple, must follow the teachings of the Gurus

Gurus

Spiritual leader for sikhs, Gu - darkness, ru - enlightenment

Founder Guru

Guru Nanak, was 9 gurus after him

Sikh Community

the Panth

tenth guru of sikhism

Guru Gobind Sigh - redefined sikhism and created the blessed five

Khalsa (sikhism)

Pure ones in sikhism, hold the highest Sikh virtues of commitment and dedication

5 K’s (kakars) of sikhism

Kesh, Kangha, Kara, Kirpan, Kachera/Kaccha

Dastaar

Turban/symbol of royalty and dignity in Sikhism, NOT one of the K’s

Kesh in Sikhism

long unshorn hair (symbolizes spirituality)

Kangha in Sikhism

comb (hygiene and disciple)

Kara in Sikhism

steel bracelet (restraint in actions, remember God at all times)

Kirpan in sikhism

ceremonial sword (dignity, injustice)

Kachera or Kaccha in sikhism

Loose undergarment, signifying self control and chastity

Armit for sikhism

Sugar Water

Family Names for Sikhism

Kaur - Princess, Singh - Lion

Adi Granth

Guru Singh named this as the last Guru, the spiritual authority of Sikhism on earth. ‘First Book’

Sahib

term of respect in sikhism

Hymns and prayers for Sikhs by gurus

Guru Adi Granth

Ceremonial Readers in Sikhism

Granthi , ‘new gurus’

Ik Onkar

There is only one God in sikhism, God is immanent and dwells in creation. Can be approached through loving devotion

• Formless one- beyond all human traits/attributes

Mukti

Sikh’s release from samsara, requires connection with God through Hukam (divine order), attain inner peace

• Ultimate purpose is to attain a perfect union with god

Haumai

Sikhism’s saying of pride, ego and self reliance. leads to lust, anger, greed

Hukam

Sikhism’s divine order/ word of God

3 Pillars of sikhism

always keep God in your mind, work hard and earn a living honestly, sharing w others (time, food, money)

Seva

Selfless giving in sikhism & 10% every year/ jainism selfless service

Samsara for jainism

believe that samsara is in the soul, don’t believe in a creator spirit

Tirthankara

makers of the river crossing in jainism, 24 of them

Mahavira

was the last Tirthankara out of the 24, chose to beg for food and such for 12 years. Sat under a tree after no water for 2 ½ days

Kevala

Complete and perfect omniscience for jainism

Sidha Loca

home to those who have achieved salvation in Jainism

Loka

Jainism’s universe

Jiva

Jainism - living things are pure, also human beings’ soul

Ajiva

Jainism - nonliving things are impure, also matter that can drag you down

3 jewels of Jainism

right faith (know the rules), right knowledge (understand the rules), right action (follow the rules)

Anekantavada

Jainism’s belief for tolerance of all viewpoints

Ahimsa

non-violence, avoid harming all life

4 Realms of Existence in Jainism

Plant/animal, Human, Demon, God

7 dimensions of religion

ritual, material, social, experiential, mythical, ethical, doctrinal