Studied by 29 people
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Enclosure Movement
wealthy landowners force small farmers to become tenants or move to the city
Natural Resources
abundance of coal, iron, and water; crop rotation
Global Markets & Materials
England had colonies around the world to get there materials they needed and sell manufactured finished goods
Liberalism
Magna Carta limited monarchy, but empowered parliament; parliament then passed laws to encourage and protect business ventures
Available Capital
improvements in the Banking system and availability of loans encouraged new creations
New Inventions
allowed for more production and easier transport of goods = spurs industrialization
Domestic Industry
had all factors of production; textile industry
Henry Bessemer
process for making steel
Jethro Tull
invented the seed drill
Charles Townshend
discovered crop rotation
Sigmund Freud
Believed the unconscious drove peoples' actions (iceberg theory)
Ivan Pavlov
believed behavior could be conditioned (experiment with dogs)
John Dalton
discovered the atom
Dmitri Mendeleev
arranged the periodic table of the elements
Gregor Mendel
did extensive work with genetics to discover patterns of inheritance
Joseph Lister
developed antiseptics
Louis Pasteur
discovered modern germ theory and heats ability to kill bacteria
Wright Brothers
first in flight; invented the airplane
Thomas Edison
invented the lightbulb
The Curies
did extensive studies with radiation and radioactive elements
Henry Ford
invented the car and used the assembly line
Guillermo Marconi
invented the radio
James Hargreaves
invented the spinning jenny
Eli Whitney
invented cotton gin
James Watt
invented the steam engine
John McAdam
created all weather roads
Robert Fulton
created the steamboat
George Stephenson
invented the steam locomotive
Cyrus McCormack
invented the mechanical reaper
Laissez faire
means “hands off economics” and opposes all government involvement in business
Manchester and Leeds
major textile producing cities
Sheffield and Birmingham
major iron producing cities
Laissez faire
means “hands off economics” and opposes all government involvement in business
Middle class
the social class of professionals, businessmen, and other skilled workers
Hull House
the settlement started by Jane Addams in Chicago to help the poor
Working class
laborers who saw little improvement in living and work conditions
War of 1812
resulted in a blockade that motivated the US to increase its industrialization
Abolition
international movement to end slavery
Capitalism
created by Adam Smith who wrote the Wealth of Nations; factors of production are privately owned and money is interested in businesses
Utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham; govt should interfere to improve ppls lives
Socialism
owned by the public and operates for the welfare of all
Communism
Karl Marx; final stage of socialism in every aspect; private property ceases to exist
Stock
the right of ownership on a company that is sold to raise money to expand business
Luddites
ppl who destroyed machines that they viewed as a threat to their job
Unions
a voluntary labor association of workers who press for reforms
Imperialism
the policy of expanding one country’s rule over many other lands
Big Business
giant corporations that controlled entire business
American Federation
an organization that consists of several unions that merged together
Corporations
business owned by stockholders who share in profits but not debt
John D Rockefeller
the founder of standard oil
What industries helped the the Industrial Revolution grow and develop?
Textiles
What was the impact of the German Industrialization?
copied the British model and traveled to Britain to get an education; became an industrial and military giant
What impact did Industrialization have on the middle class?
more opportunities for education and democracy
What laws of economics regulate the economy according to Adam Smith in his book The Wealth of Nations?
Self Interest
Competition
Supply & Demand
What did Karl Marx believe the future held for relations between classes?
a physical war between the rich and poor
What reforms were made as a result of the Industrial Revolution?
Child Labor Laws
Regulated Wages
Limited Working hours
What were some positive outcomes of the Industrial Revolution?
Created jobs for workers
Organized unions
Contributed to the wealth of the nation
Technological advance & innovation
Note 
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