AP US History Period 7 Terms & Significance

Alfred T. Mahan/”The influence of Seapower upon History”

naval officer who argued that national power depended on a strong navy (s: encouraged U.S. naval expansion and overseas imperialism)

Theodore Roosevelt

26th U.S. president and major advocate of expansionism (s: expanded U.S. global power through military strength and diplomacy)

Josiah Strong

protestant Minister who promoted Social Darwinism (s: justified imperialism as a moral duty)

Queen Liliuokalani

lost monarch of Hawaii (s: her overthrow led to U.S. annexation of Hawaii)

Spanish-American War

1898 war between the U.S. and Spain (s: marked the U.S. emergence as a global imperial power)

William Randolph Hearst

newspaper publisher who promoted sensational news (s: used yellow journalism to push the U.S. toward war with Spain)

Joseph Pulitzer

newspaper publisher and rival of Hearst (s: popularized yellow journalism to increase readership)

Yellow Journalism

sensationalized, exaggerated news reporting (s: inflamed public opinion and encouraged war with Spain)

de Lôme Letter

letter criticizing President McKinley written by a Spanish diplomat (s: increased American anger toward Spain)

Teller Amendment

U.S. pledge not to annex Cuba after the war (s: framed U.S. intervention as liberation)

USS Maine

U.S. battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor (s: its sinking pushed the U.S. into war with Spain)

George Dewey

U.S. naval commander in the Pacific (s: defeated Spain in the battle of Manila Bay)

Emilio Aguinaldo

filipino nationalist leader (s: led resistance against the U.S. rule in the Philippines)

Rough Riders

volunteer cavalry led by Theodore Roosevelt (s: symbolized American military strength and nationalism)

Philippine-American War

war between U.S. forces and Filipino nationalists (s: showed contradictions of U.S. imperialism and democracy)

Dr. Walter Reed

army doctor who studied yellow fever (s: made tropical expansion safer for U.S. troops)

John Hay

U.S. Secretary of State (s: shaped U.S. foreign policy through the Open Door Policy)

Open Door Policy

policy calling for equal trade access in China (s: protested U.S. economic interests without colonization)

Boxer Rebellion

anti-foreign uprising in China (s: led to increased U.S. involvement in China)

Big Stick Diplomacy

foreign policy of negotiation backed by military force (s: expanded U.S. influence in Latin America)

Panama Canal

man-made canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific (s: strengthened U.S. trade and military power)

Roosevelt Corollary

expansion of the Monroe Doctrine (s: justified U.S. intervention in Latin American nations)

Russo-Japanese War

war between Russia and Japan (s: Roosevelt’s mediation boosted U.S. global prestige)