Chapter 15: Other Equilibria

These flashcards cover key concepts related to solubility equilibria, Ksp expressions, common ion effects, and the behavior of slightly soluble salts.

What is the Ksp expression for silver chloride (AgCl)?

Ksp = [Ag+][Cl–]

What happens to the solubility of an ionic compound when a common ion is added?

The solubility decreases due to the common ion effect.

What is the Ksp for barium carbonate (BaCO3)?

Ksp = [Ba2+][CO3 2–] = 2.58 x 10–9.

How do you calculate the molar solubility of calcium fluoride (CaF2)?

Set Ksp = [Ca2+][F–]2 and solve for x using Ksp = 3.89 x 10–11.

Define molar solubility.

Molar solubility is the maximum concentration of a solute in a liter of a saturated solution, expressed in mol/L.

What is the effect of increasing the concentration of Cl– on the solubility of AgCl?

It decreases the solubility of AgCl because it shifts the equilibrium to the left.

What is meant by an unsaturated solution?

A solution in which more solute can dissolve without precipitating.

What is the relationship between Q and Ksp for a supersaturated solution?

Q > Ksp, resulting in precipitation until Q = Ksp.

What is the significance of Ksp > 1?

Dissolution is favorable, indicating the compound is soluble.

What happens to the solubility of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) in 0.010 M NaF solution?

The solubility decreases due to the common ion effect from the added fluoride ions.

What is a complex ion?

A central metal ion bonded to one or more molecules or ions.

What is the role of Lewis acids and bases?

Lewis acids accept electron pairs, while Lewis bases donate electron pairs to form bonds.

How is the common ion effect applied in selective precipitation?

By adding a common ion to lower the solubility of a specific ionic compound to precipitate it out.

Calculate the solubility of silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) in g/L given its Ksp value.

The solubility is 0.0067 g/L based on its molar solubility.

What does it mean if Ksp < 1?

Dissolution is unfavorable, suggesting the compound is mostly insoluble.